Glioblastoma arising within a mediastinal mature teratoma

Liu, Liping; Jentoft, Mark E.; Boland, Jennifer M.

doi:10.1016/j.humpath.2016.05.019

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Additionally, classically GBM can arise in extracranial sites based on precursor teratomas [ 20 ]. In our case, however, as well as the cases cited so far and based on the location of teratomas, this cannot be taken into account due to the presence of a previous histologically verified GBM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracranial Glioblastoma Metastasis: A Neuropathological Case Report

Stoyanov¹,

Petkova²,

Iliev³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Glioblastoma (GBM) is a central nervous system (CNS) high-grade glioma with a dismal patient prognosis. Classical concepts surrounding GBM development and progression indicate its ability to produce metastasis within the CNS, one of the few primary tumors with such capabilities. While classical concepts state that no primary CNS tumor produces extracranial metastasis, there have been multiple reports of such occurrences over the previous two decades. Here, we report a case of a male in his forties who presented to our institution with complaints of progressive headache and a history of right temporal craniotomy one month prior with a histologically verified GBM performed at another institution. Neuroradiology confirmed a residual tumor in the areas of the previous craniotomy, and gross total excision confirmed the diagnosis of GBM, although based on the presence of connective tissue amidst the tumor stroma, gliosarcoma could not be ruled out. The patient initiated treatment, and his condition remained stable for four calendar years until he again presented to our institution with a rapidly growing tumor mass in the right lateral neck region. Excision of the neck mass showed histopathological features of a tumor comprised of atypical cells with pronounced polymorphism, some with spindle cell morphology and a tendency for fascicular growth and focal palisade necrosis. Immunohistochemistry with a broad set of markers disproved epithelial, mesenchymal, melanocytic, and lymphoid genesis, with some markers of glial genesis present; hence, metastatic GBM was established. The patient reinitiated treatment and is currently stable. The steadily increasing amount of similar reported cases, together with the steady, albeit small, increase in GBM patient survival and improvement of neurooncological healthcare distribution and follow-up, challenge the classical concepts of GBM and other primary CNS tumors being unable to produce metastasis and swaying this perception towards the biological capabilities of these tumors to produce metastasis, while such rarely develop due to the short patient survival.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracranial Glioblastoma Metastasis: A Neuropathological Case Report

Stoyanov¹,

Petkova²,

Iliev³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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“…Carcinomas often resemble intestinal adenocarcinoma, 129–134 adenosquamous and squamous cell carcinomas, 135 but also neuroendocrine neoplasms such as neuroendocrine carcinomas (Figure 3F) or neuroendocrine tumours 136–139 . Other STSMs include glioblastomas 16,140 . The immunohistochemical pattern of STSMs is similar to that of the corresponding somatic neoplasms, often with loss of GCT markers.…”

Section: Pmgcts With Somatic‐type Solid Malignanciesmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…[136][137][138][139] Other STSMs include glioblastomas. 16,140 The immunohistochemical pattern of STSMs is similar to that of the corresponding somatic neoplasms, often with loss of GCT markers.…”

Section: Pmgcts With Somatic-type Solid Malignanciesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Primary germ cell tumours of the mediastinum: A review with emphasis on diagnostic challenges

Fichtner,

Marx,

Ströbel

et al. 2023

Histopathology

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This article will review current aspects of the histopathological, immunohistochemical and molecular analysis of primary mediastinal germ cell tumours (PMGCTs) as well as their aetiological, epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic features. PMGCTs represent an important differential diagnosis in the spectrum of mediastinal tumours, and their diagnosis is usually made on small tissue samples from core needle biopsies in combination with diagnostic imaging and serum tumour markers. As in lymphomas, a small biopsy is often the only viable tumour sample available from these patients, as they receive chemotherapy prior to eventual surgical resection. Pathologists therefore need to apply an efficient combination of immunohistochemical markers to confirm the diagnosis of a PMGCT and to exclude morphological mimics.

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“…Among sarcomas, rhabdomyosarcoma and angiosarcoma are the most common,137 though other sarcoma types may occur 7. Carcinomas and other types of tumors include colonic-type adenocarcinoma,138,139 glioblastoma,140 melanoma,141,142 carcinoid tumor,143 and neuroendocrine carcinoma 144. These tumors are usually resistant to chemotherapy and carry a poor prognosis 7.…”

Section: Gcts With Somatic-type Solid Malignancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediastinal Germ Cell Tumors: A Review and Update on Pathologic, Clinical, and Molecular Features

El-Zaatari

2021

Advances in Anatomic Pathology

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Mediastinal germ cell tumors (MGCTs) are the most common extragonadal germ cell tumors (GCTs) and most often arise in the anterior mediastinum with a male predilection. MGCTs also have a predilection for patients with Klinefelter syndrome and possibly other genetic conditions. MGCTs, as GCTs at other extragonadal sites, are thought to arise from germ cells improperly retained during migration along the midline during embryogenesis. Similar to their counterparts in the testes, MGCTs are classified into seminomatous and nonseminomatous GCTs. Seminomatous MGCT represents pure seminoma, whereas nonseminomatous MGCTs encompass pure yolk sac tumors, embryonal carcinoma, choriocarcinoma, mature or immature teratoma, and mixed GCTs with any combination of GCT types, including seminoma. Somatictype or hematologic malignancies can also occur in association with a primary MGCT. MGCTs share molecular findings with GCTs at other sites, most commonly the presence of chromosome 12p gains and isochromosome i(12p). Treatment includes neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgical resection of residual tumor, with the exception of benign teratomas, which require only surgical resection without chemotherapy. In this review, we highlight and provide an update on pathologic, clinical, and molecular features of MGCTs. Immunohistochemical profiles of each tumor type, as well as differential diagnostic considerations, are discussed.

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Glioblastoma arising within a mediastinal mature teratoma

Cited by 7 publications

References 14 publications

Extracranial Glioblastoma Metastasis: A Neuropathological Case Report

Extracranial Glioblastoma Metastasis: A Neuropathological Case Report

Primary germ cell tumours of the mediastinum: A review with emphasis on diagnostic challenges

Mediastinal Germ Cell Tumors: A Review and Update on Pathologic, Clinical, and Molecular Features

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