Glioblastoma: clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management

McKinnon, Chris; Nandhabalan, Meera; Murray, Scott A; Plaha, Puneet

doi:10.1136/bmj.n1560

Cited by 202 publications

(170 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Despite huge progress in the development of diagnostic and therapeutic methods, including radiation treatment and chemotherapy, glioma remains one of the most lethal cancers in humans [ 10 , 11 ]. The average survival period of patients with glioma is less than two years and the five-year survival rate is less than 3%, the lowest among all cancers [ 12 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NAP1L1 promotes proliferation and chemoresistance in glioma by inducing CCND1/CDK4/CDK6 expression through its interaction with HDGF and activation of c-Jun

Chen

Xie

Luo

et al. 2021

Aging

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The prognosis of glioma is poor as its pathogenesis and mechanisms underlying cisplatin chemoresistance remain unclear. Nucleosome assembly protein 1 like 1 (NAP1L1) is regarded as a hallmark of malignant tumors. However, the role of NAP1L1 in glioma remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the molecular functions of NAP1L1 in glioma and its involvement in cisplatin chemoresistance, if any. NAP1L1 was found to be upregulated in samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Immunohistochemistry indicated that NAP1L1 and hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) were enhanced in glioma as compared to the para-tumor tissues. High expressions of NAP1L1 and HDGF were positively correlated with the WHO grade, KPS, Ki-67 index, and recurrence. Moreover, NAP1L1 expression was also positively correlated with the HDGF expression in glioma tissues. Functional studies suggested that knocking down NAP1L1 could significantly inhibit glioma cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo , as well as enhance the sensitivity of glioma cells to cisplatin (cDDP) in vitro . Mechanistically, NAP1L1 could interact with HDGF at the protein level and they co-localize in the cytoplasm. HDGF knockdown in NAP1L1-overexpressing glioma cells significantly inhibited cell proliferation. Furthermore, HDGF could interact with c-Jun, an oncogenic transcription factor, which eventually induced the expressions of cell cycle promoters, CCND1/CDK4/CDK6. This finding suggested that NAP1L1 could interact with HDGF, and the latter recruited c-Jun, a key oncogenic transcription factor, that further induced CCND1/CDK4/CDK6 expression, thereby promoting proliferation and chemoresistance in glioma cells. High expression of NAP1L1 in glioma tissues indicated shorter overall survival in glioma patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NAP1L1 promotes proliferation and chemoresistance in glioma by inducing CCND1/CDK4/CDK6 expression through its interaction with HDGF and activation of c-Jun

Chen

Xie

Luo

et al. 2021

Aging

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“…Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most malignant primary brain tumors in adults, characterized by an expansile and infiltrative growth pattern ( Jackson et al, 2019 ; Tan et al, 2020 ; McKinnon et al, 2021 ). According to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification for central nervous system (CNS) tumors, GBM is classified as the highest grade IV ( Broekman et al, 2018 ; Caragher et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Progress of circRNAs in Glioblastoma

Guo

Piao

2021

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of single-stranded covalently closed non-coding RNAs without a 5′ cap structure or 3′ terminal poly (A) tail, which are expressed in a variety of tissues and cells with conserved, stable and specific characteristics. Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive and lethal tumor in the central nervous system, characterized by high recurrence and mortality rates. The specific expression of circRNAs in GBM has demonstrated their potential to become new biomarkers for the development of GBM. The specific expression of circRNAs in GBM has shown their potential as new biomarkers for GBM cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion, which provides new ideas for GBM treatment. In this paper, we will review the biological properties and functions of circRNAs and their biological roles and clinical applications in GBM.

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“…GBM has both high morbidity and mortality rates. Epidemiologic investigations have shown the incidence of GBM is higher in men than women, higher in Caucasians than other ethnicities and increases with age [ 1 ]. It is believed that GBM derives from neural stem cells, oligodendrocyte precursor cells and astrocytes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents for glioblastoma-targeting theranostics

Dai

Tang

et al. 2021

Regenerative Biomaterials

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Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive malignant brain tumour, with a median survival of 3 months without treatment and 15 months with treatment. Early GBM diagnosis can significantly improve patient survival due to early treatment and management procedures. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using contrast agents is the preferred method for the preoperative detection of GBM tumours. However, commercially available clinical contrast agents do not accurately distinguish between GBM, surrounding normal tissue and other cancer types due to their limited ability to cross the blood–brain barrier, their low relaxivity and their potential toxicity. New GBM-specific contrast agents are urgently needed to overcome the limitations of current contrast agents. Recent advances in nanotechnology have produced alternative GBM-targeting contrast agents. The surfaces of nanoparticles (NPs) can be modified with multimodal contrast imaging agents and ligands that can specifically enhance the accumulation of NPs at GBM sites. Using advanced imaging technology, multimodal NP-based contrast agents have been used to obtain accurate GBM diagnoses in addition to an increased amount of clinical diagnostic information. NPs can also serve as drug delivery systems for GBM treatments. This review focuses on the research progress for GBM-targeting MRI contrast agents as well as MRI-guided GBM therapy.

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Glioblastoma: clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management

Cited by 202 publications

References 56 publications

NAP1L1 promotes proliferation and chemoresistance in glioma by inducing CCND1/CDK4/CDK6 expression through its interaction with HDGF and activation of c-Jun

NAP1L1 promotes proliferation and chemoresistance in glioma by inducing CCND1/CDK4/CDK6 expression through its interaction with HDGF and activation of c-Jun

Research Progress of circRNAs in Glioblastoma

Advances in magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents for glioblastoma-targeting theranostics

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