Gln52 mutations in GNAO1-related disorders and personalized drug discovery

Katanaev, Vladimir L.

doi:10.1016/j.ebr.2023.100598

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 12 publications

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“…Currently, there exists no efficient treatment for GNAO1 encephalopathy, apart from the limited efficiency of deep-brain stimulation that represents a symptomatic (but often lifesaving) treatment for the severe episodes of motor dysfunction, without affecting the other disease manifestations such as epilepsy or developmental delay [3,26]. Thus, the search for novel treatments is urgently needed, and the repositioning of approved drugs for the novel indication provides a sensible avenue for a rare disease (as opposed to, e.g., de novo drug discovery and development) [35,41]. In this quest, caffeine and salts of zinc have emerged as candidate treatments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Cases and the Molecular Profiling of a Novel Childhood Encephalopathy-Causing GNAO1 Mutation P170R

Larasati,

Solis,

Koval

et al. 2023

Cells

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De novo mutations in GNAO1, the gene encoding the major neuronal G protein Gαo, cause a spectrum of pediatric encephalopathies with seizures, motor dysfunction, and developmental delay. Of the >80 distinct missense pathogenic variants, many appear to uniformly destabilize the guanine nucleotide handling of the mutant protein, speeding up GTP uptake and deactivating GTP hydrolysis. Zinc supplementation emerges as a promising treatment option for this disease, as Zn2+ ions reactivate the GTP hydrolysis on the mutant Gαo and restore cellular interactions for some of the mutants studied earlier. The molecular etiology of GNAO1 encephalopathies needs further elucidation as a prerequisite for the development of efficient therapeutic approaches. In this work, we combine clinical and medical genetics analysis of a novel GNAO1 mutation with an in-depth molecular dissection of the resultant protein variant. We identify two unrelated patients from Norway and France with a previously unknown mutation in GNAO1, c.509C>G that results in the production of the Pro170Arg mutant Gαo, leading to severe developmental and epileptic encephalopathy. Molecular investigations of Pro170Arg identify this mutant as a unique representative of the pathogenic variants. Its 100-fold-accelerated GTP uptake is not accompanied by a loss in GTP hydrolysis; Zn2+ ions induce a previously unseen effect on the mutant, forcing it to lose the bound GTP. Our work combining clinical and molecular analyses discovers a novel, biochemically distinct pathogenic missense variant of GNAO1 laying the ground for personalized treatment development.

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