Global and local grey matter reductions in boys with ADHD combined type and ADHD inattentive type

Vilgis, Veronika; Sun, Li; Chen, Jian; Silk, Tim; Vance, Alasdair

doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2016.06.008

Cited by 36 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Our findings are consistent with two out of these studies which also found no significant volumetric differences between the ADHD-C and ADHD-I subtype (Pineda et al, 2002, Vilgis et al, 2016). However, in contrast, one study using a region of interest analysis has reported reduced caudate and ACC volumes in ADHD-C type relative to ADHD-I type and controls (Semrud-Clikeman et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Some structural imaging studies have found no significant volumetric differences globally or for specific sub-regions of the basal ganglia structures between the ADHD-I and ADHD-C subtypes (Pineda et al, 2002, Vilgis et al, 2016) and also relative to controls (Wellington et al, 2006). Conversely, bilaterally smaller volumes of the caudate and ACC have been reported in ADHD-C children, relative to both ADHD-I type and controls, though the ADHD-I type did not differ from controls in this study (Semrud-Clikeman et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regional brain network organization distinguishes the combined and inattentive subtypes of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Saad

Griffiths

Kohn

et al. 2017

NeuroImage: Clinical

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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is characterized clinically by hyperactive/impulsive and/or inattentive symptoms which determine diagnostic subtypes as Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive (ADHD-HI), Predominantly Inattentive (ADHD-I), and Combined (ADHD-C). Neuroanatomically though we do not yet know if these clinical subtypes reflect distinct aberrations in underlying brain organization.We imaged 34 ADHD participants defined using DSM-IV criteria as ADHD-I (n = 16) or as ADHD-C (n = 18) and 28 matched typically developing controls, aged 8–17 years, using high-resolution T1 MRI. To quantify neuroanatomical organization we used graph theoretical analysis to assess properties of structural covariance between ADHD subtypes and controls (global network measures: path length, clustering coefficient, and regional network measures: nodal degree). As a context for interpreting network organization differences, we also quantified gray matter volume using voxel-based morphometry.Each ADHD subtype was distinguished by a different organizational profile of the degree to which specific regions were anatomically connected with other regions (i.e., in “nodal degree”). For ADHD-I (compared to both ADHD-C and controls) the nodal degree was higher in the hippocampus. ADHD-I also had a higher nodal degree in the supramarginal gyrus, calcarine sulcus, and superior occipital cortex compared to ADHD-C and in the amygdala compared to controls. By contrast, the nodal degree was higher in the cerebellum for ADHD-C compared to ADHD-I and in the anterior cingulate, middle frontal gyrus and putamen compared to controls. ADHD-C also had reduced nodal degree in the rolandic operculum and middle temporal pole compared to controls. These regional profiles were observed in the context of no differences in gray matter volume or global network organization.Our results suggest that the clinical distinction between the Inattentive and Combined subtypes of ADHD may also be reflected in distinct aberrations in underlying brain organization.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional brain network organization distinguishes the combined and inattentive subtypes of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Saad

Griffiths

Kohn

et al. 2017

NeuroImage: Clinical

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“…Contrary to the prediction of hypothesis 2, brain volume was not found to be significantly different in ADHD-I; however, it was only slightly above the alpha cutoff (0.05). Volume size in inattentive type being so close to significant could explained by the fact some studies included in this analysis found no difference is volume size in this particular subtype, whereas other studies did (Al-Amin et al, 2018, Vilgis et al, 2016Semrud-Clikeman et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Contrary to these findings, another study reported that the left caudate nucleus head volume was significantly larger in the left side in both ADHD-C and ADHD-I in comparison to controls, but this relation was not found between the two ADHD groups (Pineda et al, 2002). Age has been found to be a predictor of volume size in the right caudate nucleus, with younger age being associated with smaller volume sizes in this structure (Vilgis et al, 2016). The caudate nucleus has been linked to areas of learning, such as storing and processing of memories, and the anterior cingulate cortex is associated with complex cognitive functions, such as empathy, impulse control, emotion, and decision-making (Heathline, 2015; Neuroscientifically Challenged, n.d.).…”

Section: Volumetric Findingsmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…It was found that in both combined and inattentive type, there were significantly lower global and local gray matter volumes in frontal, right parietal, and right temporal regions in comparison to typically developing children, but not between the two subtypes (Vilgis et al, 2016). Farmer (2001) associated with such things as listening, processing sensory information, and emotional control (The Human Memory, 2019c).…”

Section: Volumetric Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Meta-Analysis: MRI Volumetric Data of Children with ADHD Subtypes

Hysell¹

2020

Preprint

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Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder consisting of inattentive and/or hyperactive behaviors that is typically prevalent in childhood. There are three recognized subtypes of this disorder—hyperactive, inattentive, and combined. The current study’s purpose is to examine how the subtypes differentiate based on brain structure volume size. There have been studies on ADHD subtypes and brain structure volumes in children, but there are a number of limitations in available research that make it difficult to generalize findings. A meta-analysis was done using 8 studies that included volumetric data of ADHD subtypes (inattentive and combined) in children that was acquired through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques. Analyses were done looking at combined and inattentive type in comparison to controls and between the two groups. Further subgroup analyses were done on gender and brain regions in the two subtypes. Results show that there is a significant brain volume reduction in combined type in comparison to controls and inattentive type. There is also a significant volume reduction observed in males. The other analyses done yielded insignificant findings, although the volume reduction in inattentive type was only slightly above the cutoff of alpha (0.05). These findings help in better understanding the relations between brain volume and ADHD subtypes, but further research is still needed in this area.

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Atypical sulcal pattern in boys with attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Wang

et al. 2021

Human Brain Mapping

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Neurodevelopmental disorders, such as attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), are often accompanied by disrupted cortical folding. We applied a quantitative sulcal pattern analysis technique using graph structures to study the atypical cortical folding at the lobar level in ADHD brains in this study. A total of 183 ADHD patients and 167 typical developmental controls matched according to age and gender were enrolled. We first constructed sulcal graphs at the brain lobar level and then investigated their similarity to the typical sulcal patterns. The within‐group variability and interhemispheric similarity in sulcal patterns were also compared between the ADHD and TDC groups. The results showed that, compared with controls, the left frontal, right parietal, and temporal lobes displayed altered similarities to the typical sulcal patterns in patients with ADHD. Moreover, the sulcal patterns in ADHD seem to be more heterogeneous than those in controls. The results also identified the disruption of the typical asymmetric sulcal patterns in the frontal lobe between the ADHD and control groups. Taken together, our results revealed the atypical sulcal pattern in boys with ADHD and provide new insights into the neuroanatomical mechanisms of ADHD.

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Global and local grey matter reductions in boys with ADHD combined type and ADHD inattentive type

Cited by 36 publications

References 57 publications

Regional brain network organization distinguishes the combined and inattentive subtypes of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Regional brain network organization distinguishes the combined and inattentive subtypes of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Meta-Analysis: MRI Volumetric Data of Children with ADHD Subtypes

Atypical sulcal pattern in boys with attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder

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