Global burden and trends of firearm violence in 204 countries/territories from 1990 to 2019

Abstract

BackgroundGaps remained in the updated information of the firearm violence (FV) burden from a global landscape. Understanding the global burden of FV could contribute to decision-making.MethodsData on the FV burden, including physical violence by firearm (PVF), self-harm by firearm (SHF), and unintentional firearm injuries (UFI), were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease 2019. The temporal trends of age-standardized rate (ASR) were estimated using estimated annual percentage change (EAPC).ResultsIn 2019, PVF, SHF, and UFI reported 710.64 × 103, 335.25 × 103, and 2,133.88 × 103, respectively, incident cases worldwide. Their ASR (/100,000 people-years) were 9.31, 4.05, and 28.07. During 1990–2019, the overall incident ASRs of PVF presented an increasing trend (EAPC = 0.61, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.48 to 0.75). Notably, pronounced increasing trends were observed in Tropical Latin America, and North Africa and Middle East. However, incident trends of SHF and UFI declined globally, with the respective EAPCs being −0.68 (95% CI: −0.83 to −0.54) and −0.98 (95% CI: −1.19 to −0.77). In 2019, the ASR of death due to PVF, SHF, and UFI were 2.23, 0.65, and 0.26, and that of DALYs were 127.56, 28.10, and 17.64, respectively. Decreasing trends in the ASRs of FV were observed in most regions and countries worldwide over the past three decades, particularly that of PVF in Estonia.ConclusionThe FV burden was heterogeneous across regions and countries, which was deeply subjected to socioeconomic factors. The findings highlighted that specific prevention strategies and interventions were required, particularly in the high prevalent settings.

Burden and Regional Disparities in the Firearm Mortality Profiles in Brazil: A Systematic Analysis of Findings From the Global Burden of Disease 2019

“…The IHME recognized globally for its significant contributions to understanding diseases and health conditions through its estimations is responsible for generating and upkeeping data from the GBD study. 2 This influential platform compiles information from more than 200 countries, drawing from official government sources, collaborations, research studies, and diverse databases. 6 The breadth of data available on this platform spans from administrative records to vital statistics.…”

“…Information regarding the methods for estimating the studied variables were extensively validated on international literature. 2 …”

“…1 In addition, according to data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) in 2019, Brazil is the country with the highest number of cases of unintentional injuries caused by firearms and the highest number of deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) inflicted injuries with firearms. 2 …”