Global burden of atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter and its attributable risk factors from 1990 to 2019

Dong, Xin-Jiang; Wang, Beibei; Hou, Feifei; Jiao, Yang; Li, Hongwei; Lv, Shu-Ping; Li, Fei-Hong

doi:10.1093/europace/euac237

Cited by 55 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The World Health Organization recommended that daily salt intake should be less than 5 g to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases ( 8 ). In the Global Burden of Diseases Study (GBD 2019), high salt diet is one of the major risk factors of AF-related death ( 9 ). Studies in recent years suggested that high salt diet may also be a potentially modifiable risk factor for AF.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the association between dietary salt intake and the risk of atrial fibrillation using Mendelian randomization

et al. 2023

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BackgroundPrevious studies have suggested that dietary salt intake affects atrial fibrillation (AF); however, the causal association between them still remains unclear. Thus, we conducted this Mendelian randomization (MR) study to explore the correlation between them.MethodsGenetic instruments for dietary salt intake were from a genome-wide association study (GWAS), which included 462,630 European individuals. Summary-level data for AF were obtained from another published GWAS (22,068 cases and 116,926 controls). The inverse-variance weighting (IVW) method was performed as the primary MR analysis. Multiple MR methods, including Robust Adjusted Profile Score (MR-RAPS), maximum likelihood estimation, and Mendelian randomization pleiotropy residual sum and outlier test (MR-PRESSO) were conducted as complementary analyses. The MR-Egger regression intercept and MR-PRESSO global test were conducted to test potential horizontal pleiotropy. The IVW (Q) method and MR-Egger were performed to detect heterogeneity.ResultsOur results suggested that high dietary salt intake was significantly correlated with increased risk of AF [IVW: odds ratio (OR), 1.36; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.04–1.77; p = 2.25E-02]. The maximum likelihood estimation (OR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.05–1.78; p = 2.09E-02), MR-RAPS (OR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.03–1.81; p = 2.79E-02), and MR-PRESSO method (OR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.05–1.76; p = 2.37E-02) also showed that dietary salt intake was significantly correlated with the risk of AF.ConclusionThe findings of this study provide robust evidence supporting the correlation between dietary salt intake and the risk of AF. Future studies are required to further clarify this relationship and translate the findings into clinical and public health practice.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the association between dietary salt intake and the risk of atrial fibrillation using Mendelian randomization

et al. 2023

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“…Despite the availability of information on several key confounders we acknowledge that there may be residual confounding. Smoking and alcohol can increase the risk of AF 37 and also affects thyroid function, 12 but individual‐level information on this was not available. Also, increasing BMI is associated with AF, 38 but was not available.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Smoking and alcohol can increase the risk of AF 37 and also affects thyroid function, 12 but individual-level information on this was not available. Also, increasing BMI is associated with AF, 38 but was not available.…”

Section: Strengths and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does iodine fortification affect the risk of atrial fibrillation in incident hyperthyroidism? A national register‐based cohort

Møllehave,

Knudsen,

Prescott

et al. 2024

Clinical Endocrinology

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ObjectiveIodine fortification (IF) induces an initial increase followed by a decrease in the incidence of hyperthyroidism in the general population. Within the population of hyperthyroid patients, the sex‐, age‐ and subtype distribution changes after IF. The risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) in hyperthyroid patients may be influenced by these factors. Therefore, we aimed to examine how the association between incident hyperthyroidism and AF was affected by IF increasing the population iodine intake from moderate‐mild iodine deficiency to low adequacy.Design, Patients and MeasurementsIncident hyperthyroid patients were included at the date of first inpatient or outpatient diagnosis, and AF diagnoses within 3 months before to 6 months after the index date were identified in Danish nationwide registers, 1997–2018. The relative risk (RR) of AF each calendar year (reference: 1997; IF introduced: 2000) was analyzed in Poisson regression models adjusted for age, sex, educational level, geographic region, and comorbidities.ResultsOverall, in 62,201 patients with incident hyperthyroidism 7.9% were diagnosed with AF. There was a minor nonsignificantly increased risk of AF during the first years after IF followed by a gradual decrease to RR 0.76 (0.62–0.94) in 2017. There were no statistically significant differences in the development in the risk of AF by sex, age group, or geographic region.ConclusionsResults indicate that IF may reduce the risk of concomitant AF in hyperthyroid patients. If these results are confirmed, IF may not only reduce the population incidence of hyperthyroidism but also reduce the burden of morbidity in the remaining hyperthyroid patients.

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“…According to data from the Global Burden of Disease study 2019, AF caused about 300,000 deaths while 59 million patients suffer from AF. [1] The progressive nature of disease progression complicates the assessment and treatment of AF. [2] AF typically begins as paroxysmal AF, characterized by intermittent arrhythmia periods lasting less than 7 days, and tends to progress over time to persistent AF (perAF).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atrial Proteomic Profiling Reveals a Switch Towards Profibrotic Gene Expression Program in CREM-IbΔC-X Mice with Persistent Atrial Fibrillation

Zhao,

Hulsurkar,

Lahiri

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background: Overexpression of the CREM (cAMP response element-binding modulator) isoform CREM-IbΔC-X in transgenic mice (CREM-Tg) causes the age-dependent development of spontaneous AF. Purpose: To identify key proteome signatures and biological processes accompanying the development of persistent AF through integrated proteomics and bioinformatics analysis. Methods: Atrial tissue samples from three CREM-Tg mice and three wild-type littermates were subjected to unbiased mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteomics, differential expression and pathway enrichment analysis, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. Results: A total of 98 differentially expressed proteins were identified. Gene ontology analysis revealed enrichment for biological processes regulating actin cytoskeleton organization and extracellular matrix (ECM) dynamics. Changes in ITGAV, FBLN5, and LCP1 were identified as being relevant to atrial fibrosis and remodeling based on expression changes, co-expression patterns, and PPI network analysis. Comparative analysis with previously published datasets revealed a shift in protein expression patterns from ion-channel and metabolic regulators in young CREM-Tg mice to profibrotic remodeling factors in older CREM-Tg mice. Furthermore, older CREM-Tg mice exhibited protein expression patterns that resembled those of humans with persistent AF. Conclusions: This study uncovered distinct temporal changes in atrial protein expression patterns with age in CREM-Tg mice consistent with the progressive evolution of AF. Future studies into the role of the key differentially abundant proteins identified in this study in AF progression may open new therapeutic avenues to control atrial fibrosis and substrate development in AF.

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Global burden of atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter and its attributable risk factors from 1990 to 2019

Cited by 55 publications

References 20 publications

Evaluating the association between dietary salt intake and the risk of atrial fibrillation using Mendelian randomization

Evaluating the association between dietary salt intake and the risk of atrial fibrillation using Mendelian randomization

Does iodine fortification affect the risk of atrial fibrillation in incident hyperthyroidism? A national register‐based cohort

Atrial Proteomic Profiling Reveals a Switch Towards Profibrotic Gene Expression Program in CREM-IbΔC-X Mice with Persistent Atrial Fibrillation

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