Global burden of cancers attributable to tobacco smoking, 1990–2019: an ecological study

Sharma, Rajesh; Rakshit, Bijoy

doi:10.1007/s13167-022-00308-y

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Globally, the number of deaths due to cancer increased with age and peaked at 65–74 years in 2019. The harm of smoking is accumulated over time ( 17 ). Our study also showed similar results that the number of esophageal cancer deaths attributable to smoking peaked at 65–74 years in 2019.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global burden of esophageal cancer attributable to smoking: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Jiang

et al. 2023

Front. Oncol.

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BackgroundEpidemiological trends of esophageal cancer attributable to smoking remain unclear. This study aimed to estimate the spatiotemporal trends of the esophageal cancer burden attributable to smoking to assist in global esophageal cancer prevention and smoking cessation.MethodsData on esophageal cancer attributable to smoking were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The number and age-standardized rates of esophageal cancer mortality (ASMR) and disability-adjusted life years (ASDR) were analyzed by age, sex, and location. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to analyze the temporal trends of esophageal cancer burden attributable to smoking over 30 years.ResultsIn 2019, the number of global esophageal cancer deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) attributable to smoking was approximately 203,000 and 475 million, respectively. The global esophageal cancer deaths and DALYs due to smoking were approximately 1.5-fold increased from 1990 to 2019, but the corresponding ASMR and ASDR had decreased. The heaviest burden occurred in East Asia, Mongolia, and the middle socio-demographic index (SDI) region. The male-to-female ratio was approximately 12.7 in the esophageal cancer deaths and DALYs and was approximately 14.3 in the ASMR and ASDR. The heaviest burden appeared in the 60–74 years age group. The estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) in ASMR was highly negatively associated with ASMR in 1990 (ρ = −0.41, p < 0.001) and SDI in 2019 (ρ = −0.29, p < 0.001).ConclusionDespite reductions in ASMR and ASDR, the esophageal cancer burden attributable to smoking remains heavy, especially in middle SDI regions. Active tobacco control can reduce esophageal cancer burden.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global burden of esophageal cancer attributable to smoking: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Jiang

et al. 2023

Front. Oncol.

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“…The health effects associated with cigarette smoking have been extensively documented by the public health and scientific communities [1-3] as well as documented in large-scale systematic reviews and meta-analyses [4][5][6]. Smoking is known to be a cause of serious diseases in smokers, including lung cancer, heart disease, and emphysema.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Product Science of Electrically Heated Tobacco Products: An Updated Narrative Review of the Scientific Literature

Cordery,

Thompson,

Stevenson

et al. 2024

Cureus

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Heated tobacco products represent a novel category of tobacco products in which a tobacco consumable is heated to a temperature that releases nicotine from the tobacco leaf but not to a temperature sufficient to cause combustion. Heated tobacco products may therefore have the potential to be a less harmful alternative for adult smokers who would otherwise continue to smoke cigarettes, as their use should result in exposure to substantially fewer and lower levels of toxicants. This update represents a two-year extension to our previous narrative review, which covered peer-reviewed journal articles published up to August 31, 2021. The scientific evidence published between 2021 and 2023 continues to indicate that aerosols produced from heated tobacco products contain fewer and substantially lower levels of harmful and potentially harmful constituents and that these observed reductions consistently translate to reduced biological effects in both in vitro and in vivo toxicological studies. Biomarker and clinical data from studies in which product use is controlled within a clinical setting continue to suggest changes in levels of biomarkers of exposure, biomarkers of potential harm, and clinical endpoints indicating the potential for reduced harm with switching to exclusive use of heated tobacco products in adult smokers. Overall, the available peer-reviewed scientific evidence continues to indicate that heated tobacco products offer promise as a potentially less harmful alternative to cigarettes, and as such, the conclusions of our original narrative review remain valid.

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“…Disparities in the burden of cancer persist among regions, with a discernible concentration of cases in low and middle‐income countries and this is mirrored by varied mortality rates, emphasizing the imperative for region‐specific interventions tailored to the distinct challenges faced by diverse populations (Shah et al, 2019). Contributing significantly to the global cancer burden are major risk factors such as tobacco use, with a notable link to lung cancer, and the escalating prevalence of obesity, associated with a spectrum of malignancies, additionally, infections, including hepatitis and human papillomavirus (HPV), remain key contributors to specific cancer types (Sharma & Rakshit, 2023). A global emphasis on the improvement of screening programs and early detection strategies is apparent; these initiatives play a pivotal role in addressing the burden of cancer by enabling timely diagnosis and intervention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current stage of preclinical and clinical development of guggulsterone in cancers: Challenges and promises

Ijaz,

Iqbal,

Abbasi

et al. 2023

Cell Biology International

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Throughout human history, the utilization of medicinal herbs has been recognized as a crucial defense against various ailments, including cancer. Natural products with potential anticancer properties, capable of inducing apoptosis in cancer cells, have garnered substantial attention. One such agent under investigation is guggulsterone (GS), a phytosterol derived from the gum resin of the Commiphora mukul tree. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of recent studies elucidating the anticancer molecular mechanisms and molecular targets of GS, guiding future research and potential applications as an adjuvant drug in cancer therapy. Recent in vivo and in vitro studies have explored the biological activities of the active ingredients in Commiphora mukul. Specifically, GS emerges as a potential cancer chemopreventive and therapeutic agent. The investigations delve into the impact of GS on constitutively activated survival pathways, including Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT), nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐kB), and PI3‐kinase/AKT signaling pathways. These pathways regulate antiapoptotic and proinflammatory genes, exerting control over growth and inflammatory responses. The findings highlight the potential of GS in disrupting survival pathways crucial for cancer cell viability. The inhibition of JAK/STAT, NF‐kB, and PI3‐kinase/AKT signaling pathways positions GS as a promising candidate for cancer therapy. The review synthesizes evidence from diverse studies, underscoring the multifaceted biological activities of GS in cancer prevention and treatment. To advance our understanding, future clinical and translational studies are imperative to determine effective doses in humans. Additionally, there is a need for the development of new pharmaceutical forms of GS to optimize therapeutic effects. This comprehensive review provides a foundation for ongoing research, offering insights into the potential of GS as a valuable addition to the armamentarium against cancer.

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Global burden of cancers attributable to tobacco smoking, 1990–2019: an ecological study

Cited by 7 publications

References 75 publications

Global burden of esophageal cancer attributable to smoking: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Global burden of esophageal cancer attributable to smoking: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

The Product Science of Electrically Heated Tobacco Products: An Updated Narrative Review of the Scientific Literature

Current stage of preclinical and clinical development of guggulsterone in cancers: Challenges and promises

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