Global burden of COVID-19: Situational analyis and review

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The novel Coronavirus Diseases 2019 (COVID-19) is the major public health burden in the world. The morbidity and mortality of global community due to this disease is dramatically increasing from time to time. OBJECTIVE: This situational analysis is aimed to analysis prevalence, and incidence of COVID-19 and to provide clear information about this disease for the scientific community, stakeholders and healthcare practitioners and decision-makers. METHODS: The literatures were identified by searching the key relevant and officially known online databases: medRxiv, Google scholar and PubMed. The online databases contain archives of most English biomedical journals and scientific papers published online from 31 December to 3 April 2020 were included. After the literature search, articles were screened independently by two reviewers for eligibility. RESULTS: The world continents have confirmed a total of 1,202,320 confirmed COVID-19 cases: (51.2%) in Europe, (27.7%) in North America, (17.9%) in Asia, (1.96%) in South America and at less number of confirmed COVID-19 cases in Africa and Australia which was accounted 0.8% and 0.5%, respectively. However, this review showed that there was significantly increased the confirmed COVID-19 cases by 109,555 in Asia, 8,658 in Africa, 332,866 in North America, 20,269 in South America, 568,894 in Europe, 5,051 in Australia and 1,045,403 in the whole world continent except Antarctica during the review period. The overall results showed that there were 1,098,762 cases and 59,172 deaths have recorded from during the review period. The result zero number of deaths with COVID-19 was observed in 66 countries. CONCLUSION: The review concluded that COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2 is the major public health burden in the world, the morbidity and mortality of global community is dramatically increasing from time to time. Strongly collaboration among all sectors and then design effective prevention and control strategies which include staying home, social/physical distancing, quarantine, testing of suspected patients, isolation and managing of the confirmed cases. Therefore, the world continents countries should have to implement five major COVID-19 prevention and control programmes as soon as possible at community level.

The changing characteristics of COVID-19 presentations: A regional comparison of SARS-CoV-2 hospitalised patients during the first and second wave

“…The global pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 continues to provide significant health challenges worldwide, with a high number of admissions to hospital and a high mortality rate. The prevalence and impact of infection is heterogeneous in individual countries and in different regions within countries(1). In the UK, there have been waves of COVID-19-associated hospitalisations.…”

Development of a scoring system for the prediction of in-hospital mortality among COVID-19 patients

“… 5 To reduce the burden on the health care system, while providing the best possible care for patients, efficient diagnosis and information about the prognosis of the disease are needed. 6 Due to the acute and different spectrum of disease severity in patients, it seems that a scoring system based on predictive clinical models, with the ability to detect severity and variables affecting the prognosis of the disease, is very helpful for patient triage in the hospital. Moreover, the indicated scoring system should constitute a predictive clinical model with the ability to detect severity of the disease as well as possessing variables affecting the prognosis of the disease.…”

Convalescent Plasma for the Prevention and Treatment of COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Quantitative Analysis

“…Growing evidence also suggests that some patients with COVID-19, including those with milder symptoms, will have a prolonged course of recovery including fatigue, cognitive impairment, and cardiopulmonary dysfunction [7]. As such, COVID-19 represents an overwhelming universal health crisis [8], and the burden of this disease continues to threaten lives and livelihoods worldwide [9]. As SARS-CoV-2 and its emerging new mutant strains (which may be associated with an increased efficiency of viral replication, transmission, and virulence in humans) continue to spread globally, international research efforts are being accelerated to identify effective preventive and therapeutic approaches to mitigate its impact [10][11][12].…”