Global dimming: a review of the evidence for a widespread and significant reduction in global radiation with discussion of its probable causes and possible agricultural consequences

Stanhill, G.; Cohen, Shabtai

doi:10.1016/s0168-1923(00)00241-0

Cited by 882 publications

(743 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…This study pointed out that decrease of SRD during RGS, RGS 2 and RGS 3 improved rice yield in most study regions, which is consistent with experimental evidence that yields of some crops can rise if small reductions in radiation [27]. Moreover, SRD during Uncertainties of the study as mentioned above may come from several aspects.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Responses of Single Cropping Rice Yields to Climate Change in Sichuan Province, China

Chen¹,

Pang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2017

JAST-B

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Sichuan province is one of the 13 major grain-producing provinces in China and also an obvious region of climate change. In this study, the responses of single cropping rice yields to climate variables under climate change at each development stage were investigated by using the linear regression method based on yield and climate data at 84 counties in Sichuan province of China from 1981 to 2012. The results indicated that change of all climate variables (increase of average temperature and diurnal temperature range, and decrease of precipitation and solar radiation) during different development stages in recent 30 years caused significant change of yield in less than 10% of the rice planting area. However, climate change from 1981 to 2012 had caused significant impacts on rice yield in roughly 47.6% of the rice area, with yields fluctuating by -11.77% to 24.55%. Moreover, average temperature was the most key contributor for the impact on rice yields in all climate variables and solar radiation was the most key contributor for the negative impact on rice yields. The empirical findings presented here provide a foundation for anticipating climate change impacts on rice production.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Responses of Single Cropping Rice Yields to Climate Change in Sichuan Province, China

Chen¹,

Pang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2017

JAST-B

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“…A reduction in solar radiation is likely to lead to a decrease in average phytoplankton concentration. Nevertheless, the range of forecasted solar radiation variations (around -10% for the UK in the next 30 years, Stanhill and Cohen, 2001) is smaller than the range of forecasted water discharge variations (from -12% to +18% change in water yield for the River Thames at London for the 2030s, following the Future Flow Projections, Prudhomme et al, 2013) and hence it is not clear yet if this would have a marked effect. Radiation can also be modified by tree shading.…”

Section: Impacts On Phytoplankton Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Solar radiation is a key factor for phytoplankton development (Whitehead and Hornberger, 1984;Hardenbicker et al, 2014), and it is likely to vary due to climate change and anthropogenic factors. In fact, an increase in aerosols and other air pollutants during the past 50 years may have triggered a significant reduction in solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface (the so-called "solar dimming", Stanhill and Cohen, 2001). A reduction in solar radiation is likely to lead to a decrease in average phytoplankton concentration.…”

Section: Impacts On Phytoplankton Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impacts of climate change, land-use change and phosphorus reduction on phytoplankton in the River Thames (UK)

Bussi

Whitehead

Bowes

et al. 2016

Science of The Total Environment

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Article (refereed) -postprintBussi, Gianbattista; Whitehead, Paul G.; Bowes, Michael J.; Read, Daniel S.; Prudhomme, Christel; Dadson, Simon J. 2016. Impacts of climate change, land-use change and phosphorus reduction on phytoplankton in the River Thames (UK).Contact CEH NORA team at noraceh@ceh.ac.ukThe NERC and CEH trademarks and logos ('the Trademarks') are registered trademarks of NERC in the UK and other countries, and may not be used without the prior written consent of the Trademark owner. AbstractPotential increases of phytoplankton concentrations in river systems due to global warming and changing climate could pose a serious threat to the anthropogenic use of surface waters. Nevertheless, the extent of the effect of climatic alterations on phytoplankton concentrations in river systems has not yet been analysed in detail. In this study, we assess the impact of a change in precipitation and temperature on river phytoplankton concentration by means of a physically-based model. A scenarioneutral methodology has been employed to evaluate the effects of climate alterations on flow, phosphorus concentration and phytoplankton concentration of the River Thames (southern England).In particular, five groups of phytoplankton are considered, representing a range of size classes and pigment phenotypes, under three different land-use/land-management scenarios to assess their impact on phytoplankton population levels. The model results are evaluated within the framework of future climate projections, using the UK Climate Projections 09 (UKCP09) for the 2030s. The results of the model demonstrate that an increase in average phytoplankton concentration due to climate change is highly likely to occur, with the magnitude varying depending on the location along the River Thames. Cyanobacteria show significant increases under future climate change and land use change. An expansion of intensive agriculture accentuates the growth in phytoplankton, especially in the upper reaches of the River Thames. However, an optimal phosphorus removal mitigation strategy, which combines reduction of fertiliser application and phosphorus removal from wastewater, can help to reduce this increase in phytoplankton concentration, and in some cases, compensate for the effect of rising temperature.

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“…As for N, the decreasing trend in the desert group was greater than the decrease for the agricultural group. Dust aerosol abundance in the desert group contributed to an obvious decrease in N [60], which was the results that aerosol reduced the transparency and the optical properties of atmosphere, causing the decrease in surface solar radiation [61]. In general, irrigation led to ET0 a greater decrease when ET0 decrease, less increase when ET0 increase for the agricultural group than the desert group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oasis Irrigation-Induced Hydro-Climatic Effects: A Case Study in the Hyper-Arid Region of Northwest China

et al. 2018

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Abstract:The response of potential evapotranspiration (ET0) to widespread irrigation is important to fully understand future regional climate changes and to infer adaptive management of agricultural water resources. The quantitative impact of irrigation on ET0 from 1960 to 2013 was evaluated using historical time series data of daily meteorological observations in the hyper-arid region of northwest China. The decreasing trends in ET0 were accelerated for meteorological stations in regions with oasis agriculture, especially in the summer and during the growing season. Irrigation led to a cooling effect on temperature, increased relative humidity and precipitation. All of these changes contributed to a larger decrease of ET0 trend. The findings of this study advance our insight into the effects of irrigation on dynamics in ET0 and meteorological factors. Further investigations to understand how ET0 responds to climate change and agricultural irrigation could provide guidance for determining effective measures of water resources for adapting to global change.

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Global dimming: a review of the evidence for a widespread and significant reduction in global radiation with discussion of its probable causes and possible agricultural consequences

Cited by 882 publications

References 67 publications

Responses of Single Cropping Rice Yields to Climate Change in Sichuan Province, China

Responses of Single Cropping Rice Yields to Climate Change in Sichuan Province, China

Impacts of climate change, land-use change and phosphorus reduction on phytoplankton in the River Thames (UK)

Oasis Irrigation-Induced Hydro-Climatic Effects: A Case Study in the Hyper-Arid Region of Northwest China

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