Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. Informe GEM España 2014

Peña, Iñaki; Guerrero, Maribel; Pernía, José Luis González; Bañón, Alicia Rubio; Sánchez, Antonio Aragón; Martínez, Catalina Nicolás; Pérez, Andrea; Canino, Rosa María Batista; Laviada, Ana Fernández; Brito, María del Pino Medina; Lloret, Nuria; Sampedro, Inés Rueda; Ruiz, Lidia Sánchez; Salcedo, Federico Gutiérrez-Solana

doi:10.22429/euc2015.021

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…One such limitation stems from the fact that the pre-existing sample was restricted to students from a single university, which raises concerns about the extent to which the findings generalize to a broader population. Addressing this issue is important for greater comparability with recent research on the ESE gender gap (Elam et al, 2021;Thornton & Klyver, 2019). Moreover, the measure of demonstrated entrepreneurial potential was derived from a task that assessed an individual's knowledge-but not necessarily skill-with respect to venture creation.…”

Section: Methods and Findings For Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous studies indicate that entrepreneurs tend to overestimate their venture creation knowledge, ability, or likely performance; that is, to exhibit an over-confidence bias (Arend et al, 2016;Forbes, 2005;Invernizzi et al, 2017;Lee et al, 2017;Simon & Houghton, 2003). Indeed, the fact that the samples within many of these studies were predominantly comprised of men (specifically, 82.0% in Forbes, 2005;69.5% in Invernizzi et al, 2017;and, 97.0% in Lee et al, 2017), combined with the fact that men tend to be over-represented in entrepreneurial activity within most countries around the globe (Elam et al, 2021), suggests that the implicit referent against which women's ESE tends to be compared is known to be biased in the direction of over-confidence. In light of such evidence, it is plausible that a smaller portion of women possess entrepreneurial under-confidence than previously considered.…”

Section: Overarching Response To Rq2mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Challenging What We Think We Know: Theory and Evidence for Questioning Common Beliefs About the Gender Gap in Entrepreneurial Confidence

Jennings

Rahman

Dempsey

2022

Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice

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Skeptical of prevailing depictions and recommendations regarding the gender gap in entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE), our aim is to raise and examine alternative interpretations and inferences. We question the common belief that women are under-confident with respect to entrepreneurship and whether this is a “problem” that needs fixing. The findings from two distinct datasets indicate, instead, that women are as likely as men to possess accurate entrepreneurial confidence, which is less likely than over-confidence to be associated with proclivities potentially detrimental to business venturing. Our analysis therefore calls for revised portrayals of—and suggestions for—the ESE of both women and men.

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Section: Methods and Findings For Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Overarching Response To Rq2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenging What We Think We Know: Theory and Evidence for Questioning Common Beliefs About the Gender Gap in Entrepreneurial Confidence

Jennings

Rahman

Dempsey

2022

Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Public policy recommendations for promoting female entrepreneurship in Europe

et al. 2021

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From 2021 onwards, female entrepreneurship is expected to grow very substantially as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic. The introduction of teleworking and staggered hours in many countries at national or workplace level will make possible the conciliation between labour and family life. The purpose of this paper is to identify the most influential explanatory factors in the behaviour of female entrepreneurship in Europe so as to subsequently propose efficient economic policy measures to promote it. The distinction between opportunity and necessity female entrepreneurs have been considered since both motivation and factors are different in each case. 15 econometric models using the panel data method for a sample of 20 previously selected European countries (grouped by their GDP level) during the period 2001 to 2018 have been estimated to determine which explanatory factors affect female entrepreneurship and necessity-based female entrepreneurship. The empirical analysis used demonstrates that more women enter into entrepreneurship due to necessity rather than in pursuit of opportunity for European countries both with higher levels of GDP and for countries with lower levels of GDP. In this context, the following policy measures should be implemented to promote female entrepreneurship in Europe: the optimization of government spending (training courses and mentoring, public procurement, stronger networks, support in reconciling business and family life, etc.), the government incentives for subsidizing high interest rates to support women in accessing financing, and the improvement of entrepreneurship education to increase the confidence of women in themselves in their own entrepreneurial capabilities.

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