Global gridded emission inventories of α‐hexachlorocyclohexane

Li, Y. F.; Scholtz, M. T.; Heyst, Bill J. Van

doi:10.1029/1999jd901081

Cited by 100 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The increasing trend of U F i for β-HCH from 2002 at Alert, suggesting its increasing air concentration, was not observed at other monitoring sites which are farther from the western Arctic Ocean than the Alert site. For tri-PCBs, three step change points were found between 2000 and2005 (PCB 16, 25, and26) and two found in 1998 (PCB 18 and 25). The step change points in PCB 44, 49, 105, 106, and 209 were also found after 2000 but more step change points in tetra-, penta-, hexa-, and deca-PCBs were detected before 2000.…”

Section: Alertmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The global emission inventory of selected POPs employed in the perturbation modeling α-HCH and PCBs used the results from Li et al (2000) and Breivik et al (2007). We implemented mean and perturbed air emissions, subjected to mean temperatures and temperature anomalies, into the model, expressed as (Lamon et al, 2009;Ma and Cao, 2010;Gouin et al, 2013) (Lamon et al, 2009).…”

Section: Perturbation Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Step changes in persistent organic pollutants over the Arctic and their implications

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. While some persistent organic pollutants (POPs) have been declining globally due to their worldwide ban since the 1980s, the declining trends of many of these toxic chemicals become less significant and in some cases their ambient air concentrations, e.g., polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), showed observable increase during the 2000s, disagreeing with their declining global emissions and environmental degradation. As part of the efforts to assess the influences of environmental factors on the long-term trend of POPs in the Arctic, step change points in the time series of ambient POP atmospheric concentrations collected from four arctic monitoring sites were examined using various statistical techniques. Results showed that the step change points of these POP data varied in different years and at different sites. Most step change points were found in 2001-2002 and 2007-2008. In particular, the step change points of many PCBs for 2007-2008 were coincident with the lowest arctic sea ice concentration occurring during the 2000s. The perturbations of air concentration and water-air exchange fluxes of several selected POPs averaged over the Arctic, simulated by a POP mass balance perturbation model, switched from negative to positive during the early 2000s, indicating a tendency for reversal of POPs from deposition to volatilization which coincides with a positive to negative reversal of arctic sea ice extent anomalies from 2001. Perturbed ice-air exchange flux of PCB 28 and 153 showed an increasing trend and a negative to positive reversal in 2007, the year with the lowest arctic sea ice concentration. On the other hand, perturbed ice-air exchange flux of α-hexachlorocyclohexane decreased over the period of 1995 to 2012, likely owing to its lower Henry's law constant which indicates its relatively lower tendency for volatilization from ice to air.

show abstract

Section: Alertmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Perturbation Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Step changes in persistent organic pollutants over the Arctic and their implications

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example, the standard grid system adopted by Global Emissions Inventory Activity (GEIA, http://geiacenter.org/) for its global emission inventories of various contaminants is one with 1 • ×1 • longitude/latitude resolution. This GEIA grid system has been used in our work to develop emission inventories of pesticides on a global scale [22][23][24][25]. Also another finer grid system with 1/4 • × 1/6 • longitude/latitude resolution has been used to develop emission and residue inventories of pesticides in a regional scale, such as for Canada, China, and the United States [26][27][28][29][30][31].…”

Section: Grid Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These may include for example, pesticides usage data, information about when and how these pesticides are applied, along with physical and chemical properties of these pesticides [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31].…”

Section: Data Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In other words, proper gridded surrogate data are needed to allocate the use of pesticides. The most common surrogate data for allocating pesticide use in agricultural applications are the gridded cropland density datasets [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. Cropland density is defined as the ratio of the cropland area in each cell to the total area of the cell.…”

Section: Surrogate Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Modeling global emissions and residues of pesticides

Venkatesh

Li³

2005

Environ Model Assess

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A major portion of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) is organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), in which carbon and chlorine are combined. During the last decade, a number of researches have been devoted to create emission inventories of OCPs at regional and global scales. The studies on residue inventories of OCPs, however, are sparse. In the absence of complete data and information on worldwide inventories of pesticides emissions and residues, a Simplified Gridded Pesticide Emission and Residue Model (SGPERM) has been developed to estimate the emissions and residues, and build pesticide emission and residue inventories. The SGPERM is an integration of a mathematical module, a relational database system, and a geographic information system. In this paper, a complete description of the model is given. A brief review of the model's application in developing emission inventories for α-HCH is introduced. The model is used to create global gridded residue inventories of α-HCH on cropland with a 1 • latitude by 1 • longitude resolution for 1980, 1990, and 2000, the first such residue inventories for any pesticide. The total global residues of α-HCH on cropland were 198 kt in 1980, 35 kt in 1990, and 1.2 kt in 2000, and the emissions from these residues were 11.8 kt in 1980, 2.3 kt in 1990, and 0.15 kt in 2000. Historical trends of α-HCH concentration in agricultural soil are also estimated at some locations in China and Japan, and match the monitoring data quite well.

show abstract

Atmospheric deposition and air‐sea gas exchange fluxes of DDT and HCH in the Yangtze River Estuary, East China Sea

Lin

et al. 2017

JGR Atmospheres

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Yangtze River Estuary (YRE) is strongly influenced by the Yangtze River and lies on the pathway of the East Asian Monsoon. This study examined atmospheric deposition and air‐sea gas exchange fluxes of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) to determine whether the YRE is a sink or source of selected pesticides at the air‐water interface under the influences of river input and atmospheric transport. The air‐sea gas exchange of DDT was characterized by net volatilization with a marked difference in its fluxes between summer (140 ng/m2/d) and the other three seasons (12 ng/m2/d), possibly due to the high surface seawater temperatures and larger riverine input in summer. However, there was no obvious seasonal variation in the atmospheric HCH deposition, and the air‐sea gas exchange reached equilibrium because of low HCH levels in the air and seawater after the long‐term banning of HCH and the degradation. The gas exchange flux of HCH was comparable to the dry and wet deposition fluxes at the air‐water interface. This suggests that the influences from the Yangtze River input and East Asian continental outflow on the fate of HCH in the YRE were limited. The gas exchange flux of DDT was about fivefold higher than the total dry and wet deposition fluxes. DDT residues in agricultural soil transported by enhanced riverine runoff were responsible for sustaining such a high net volatilization in summer. Moreover, our results indicated that there were fresh sources of DDT from the local environment to sustain net volatilization throughout the year.

show abstract

Global gridded emission inventories of α‐hexachlorocyclohexane

Cited by 100 publications

References 33 publications

Step changes in persistent organic pollutants over the Arctic and their implications

Step changes in persistent organic pollutants over the Arctic and their implications

Modeling global emissions and residues of pesticides

Atmospheric deposition and air‐sea gas exchange fluxes of DDT and HCH in the Yangtze River Estuary, East China Sea

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About