Global gross nitrification rates are dominantly driven by soil carbon‐to‐nitrogen stoichiometry and total nitrogen

Elrys, Ahmed S.; Wang, Jing; Metwally, Mohamed A. S.; Cheng, Yi; Zhang, Jinbo; Cai, Zucong; Chang, Scott X.; Müller, Christoph

doi:10.1111/gcb.15883

Cited by 129 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 122 publications

(151 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, higher soil DOC, SOC and TN concentrations stimulated by RSD which in turn also affected soil pH and bacterial abundance led to increased M and therefore higher NH 4 + production. This is in line with the general observation that a higher NH 4 + production via M is also enhancing O NH4 , explaining the close correlation between O NH4 and M (Elrys et al 2021b).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Reductive soil disinfestation promoted vegetable N uptake by regulating soil gross N transformations and improving the quality of degraded vegetable soils

zhang,

Dan,

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Aims Reductive soil disinfestation (RSD) has been widely applied to improve soil degradation, thereby enhancing vegetable N uptake and subsequently productivity. However, the effect of RSD on interactions between vegetable N uptake and soil gross N transformation remain unclear. Methods Two degraded vegetable soils were treated with RSD. Untreated soils served as control (CK). To quantify the effects of RSD on N cycling in vegetable-soil systems, 15N tracing pot experiments were conducted. Results Vegetable NH4+ and NO3− uptake rates were 1.0–6.5 times higher in RSD treatments than CK. Soil gross N mineralization rates (M) in RSD ranged from 0.83 to 13.00 mg N kg− 1 d− 1, and were significantly higher than in CK (0.21 to 8.71 mg N kg− 1 d− 1). Autotropic nitrification rates (ONH4) increased by 1.7–4.2 times after RSD. NH4+ immobilization rates (INH4) were significantly inhibited by RSD in the presence of vegetables. These induced decreasing (ONH4 + INH4)/M, increasing NH4+ retention times and production rates of soil NO3− after RSD treatment. Thus, RSD promoted N supply to vegetables and subsequently N uptake by vegetables on degraded soils. In addition, RSD improved the quality on degraded soils (i.e. increasing soil pH, and decreasing soil EC and NO3− contents and pathogen abundances), which could also be an important factor promoting vegetable N uptake. Conclusion Thus, RSD can promote vegetable N uptake by regulating soil gross N transformations and improving the quality of degraded vegetable soils. However, N fertilizer management still needs attention because of stimulated NO3− production rates after RSD, which may lead to more rapid NO3− leaching or gaseous N losses.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Generally, soil N mineralization dominates NH 4 + production and is a key factor affecting O NH4 (Elrys et al 2021b;Schimel and Bennett 2004). In this study, Soil gross N mineralization (M) was signi cantly higher in RSD compared to CK and affected by plants (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Reductive soil disinfestation promoted vegetable N uptake by regulating soil gross N transformations and improving the quality of degraded vegetable soils

zhang,

Dan,

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Therefore, it is reasonable to accept that GNM and GN rates are main stimulators of I NH4 and I NO3 (Booth et al, 2005; Wang et al, 2016). Previous studies also showed that MB, soil total N, and soil bulk density (BD) play a key role in controlling GNM and GN globally (Booth et al, 2005; Elrys, Ali, et al, 2021; Elrys, Wang, et al, 2021). Climatic factors and soil pH also play a role because they influence soil substrate (total C and N) availability and MB (Elrys, Wang, et al, 2021; Li et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global patterns of soil gross immobilization of ammonium and nitrate in terrestrial ecosystems

Elrys

Chen

Wang

et al. 2022

Global Change Biology

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Microbial nitrogen (N) immobilization, which typically results in soil N retention but based on the balance of gross N immobilization over gross N production, affects the fate of the anthropogenic reactive N. However, global patterns and drivers of soil gross immobilization of ammonium (INH4) and nitrate (INO3) are still only tentatively known. Here, we provide a comprehensive analysis considering gross N production rates, soil properties, and climate and their interactions for a deeper understanding of the patterns and drivers of INH4 and INO3. By compiling and analyzing 1966 observations from 274 15N‐labelled studies, we found a global average of INH4 and INO3 of 7.41 ± 0.72 and 2.03 ± 0.30 mg N kg−1 day−1 with a ratio of INO3 to INH4 (INO3:INH4) of 0.79 ± 0.11. Soil INH4 and INO3 increased with increasing soil gross N mineralization (GNM) and nitrification (GN), microbial biomass, organic carbon, and total N and decreasing soil bulk density. Our analysis revealed that GNM and GN were the main stimulators for INH4 and INO3, respectively. The structural equation modeling showed that higher soil microbial biomass, total N, pH, and precipitation stimulate INH4 and INO3 through enhancing GNM and GN. However, higher temperature and soil bulk density suppress INH4 and INO3 by reducing microbial biomass and total N. Soil INH4 varied with terrestrial ecosystems, being greater in grasslands and forests, which have higher rates of GNM, than in croplands. The highest INO3:INH4 was observed in croplands, which had higher rates of GN. The global average of GN to INH4 was 2.86 ± 0.31, manifesting a high potential risk of N loss. We highlight that anthropogenic activities that influence soil properties and gross N production rates likely interact with future climate changes and land uses to affect soil N immobilization and, eventually, the fate of the anthropogenic reactive N.

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“…Meanwhile, denitrification is a sequential reduction by which NO 3 – is reduced to N 2 O and/or dinitrogen gas (N 2 ) via NO 2 – and nitric oxide (NO), which are catalyzed by a series of enzymes that include copper-containing nitrite reductase and cytochrome cd1-containing nitrite reductase. In addition, studies have shown that nitrogen fertilization affects these processes by affecting the soil microbial characteristics ( Elrys et al, 2021 ). Meanwhile, some functional genes have been used as molecular markers to investigate the dynamics of microbial communities responsible for specific nitrogen transformation processes in various environments, including field soils ( Petersen et al, 2012 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Fertilization Optimization on Soil Nitrogen Cycling and Wheat Nitrogen Utilization Under Water-Saving Irrigation

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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Scholars have proposed the practice of split nitrogen fertilizer application (SNFA), which has proven to be an effective approach for enhancing nitrogen use efficiency. However, the combined effects of SNFA on wheat plant nitrogen use efficiency, ammonia (NH3) emission flux, as well as the rates of nitrification and denitrification in different ecosystems remain unclear. Meanwhile, few studies have sought to understand the effects of the split nitrogen fertilizer method under water-saving irrigation technology conditions on nitrogen loss. The current study assessed soil NH3 volatilization, nitrification, and denitrification intensities, as well as the abundance of nitrogen cycle-related functional genes following application of different treatments. Specifically, we applied a nitrogen rate of 240 kg⋅ha–1, and the following fertilizer ratios of the percent base to that of topdressing under water-saving irrigation: N1 (basal/dressing, 100/0%), N2 (basal/dressing, 70/30%), N3 (basal/dressing, 50/50%), N4 (basal/dressing, 30/70%), and N5 (basal/dressing, 0/100%). N3 treatment significantly reduced NH3 volatilization, nitrification, and denitrification intensities, primarily owing to the reduced reaction substrate concentration (NO3– and NH4+) and abundance of functional genes involved in the nitrogen cycle (amoA-AOB, nirK, and nirS) within the wheat-land soil. 15N tracer studies further demonstrated that N3 treatments significantly increased the grain nitrogen accumulation by 9.50–28.27% compared with that under other treatments. This increase was primarily due to an increase in the amount of nitrogen absorbed by wheat from soil and fertilizers, which was caused by an enhancement in total nitrogen uptake (7.2–21.81%). Overall, N3 treatment (basal/dressing, 50/50%) was found to effectively reduce nitrogen loss through NH3 volatilization, nitrification and denitrification while improving nitrogen uptake by wheat. Thus, its application will serve to further maximize the yield and provide a fertilization practice that will facilitate cleaner wheat production in the North China Plain.

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Global gross nitrification rates are dominantly driven by soil carbon‐to‐nitrogen stoichiometry and total nitrogen

Cited by 129 publications

References 122 publications

Reductive soil disinfestation promoted vegetable N uptake by regulating soil gross N transformations and improving the quality of degraded vegetable soils

Reductive soil disinfestation promoted vegetable N uptake by regulating soil gross N transformations and improving the quality of degraded vegetable soils

Global patterns of soil gross immobilization of ammonium and nitrate in terrestrial ecosystems

Impacts of Fertilization Optimization on Soil Nitrogen Cycling and Wheat Nitrogen Utilization Under Water-Saving Irrigation

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