“…Present industry practice estimates the soil resistance with the Coulomb friction model, which expresses the lateral soil resistance as the product of effective submerged weight of the pipeline and a friction coefficient lying in the range of 0.2-0.8 (Lambrakos, 1985;Lyons, 1973;Wagner et al, 1989). This means that the lateral soil resistance is regarded as constant, which has been employed to study the analytical solutions of lateral buckling for subsea pipelines by many researchers Hobbs, 1984;Hong et al, 2015a;Hong et al, 2015b;Li et al, 2016;Liu et al, 2014;Taylor and Gan, 1986b). Consistent deformation-dependent resistance force models were incorporated into the analyses of lateral buckling by Taylor and Gan (Taylor and Gan, 1986a) and Zhu et al (Zhu et al, 2015).…”