Global mapping of the uppermantle by surface wave tomography

Anderson, Don L.

doi:10.1029/gd016p0089

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Observations of macroscopic seismic anisotropy in the mantle are therefore often attributed to the large-scale alignment of the mineral olivine by shear deformation due to flow (e.g., D. L. Anderson, 1987;Auer et al, 2015;Ekstrom & Dziewonski, 1998;Fuchs, 1977;Gaherty et al, 2004;Maggi et al, 2006;McKenzie, 1979;Morris et al, 1969;Raitt et al, 1971). Measurements of seismic anisotropy in the upper mantle broadly agree with predicted directions for large-scale mantle flow (e.g., Becker et al, 2003Becker et al, , 2014Behn et al, 2004;Conrad et al, 2007), suggesting that laboratory results can be usefully extrapolated to tectonic scales.…”

Section: A2 Introductionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Seismic and numerical constraints on the formation and evolution of oceanic lithosphere

Mark¹

2019

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This thesis explicates aspects of the basic structure of oceanic lithosphere that are shaped by the processes that form the lithosphere. The strength of lithospheric plates relative to the underlying mantle enables the surface plate motions and plate boundary processes that characterize plate tectonics on Earth. Surprisingly, we have a relatively poor understanding of the physical mechanisms that make the lithosphere strong relative to the asthenosphere, and we lack a reference model for ordinary lithospheric structure that can serve as a baseline for comparing geophysical observations across locations. Chapters 2 and 3 of this thesis investigate the seismic structure of a portion of the Pacific plate where the simple tectonic history of the plate suggests that its structure can be used as a reference model for oceanic lithosphere. We present measurements of shallow azimuthal seismic anisotropy, and of a seismic discontinuity in the upper mantle, that reflect the effects of shear deformation and melting processes involved in the formation of the lithosphere at mid-ocean ridges. Chapter 4 uses numerical models to explore factors controlling fault slip behavior on normal faults that accommodate tectonic extension during plate formation.

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Section: A2 Introductionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Seismic and numerical constraints on the formation and evolution of oceanic lithosphere

Mark¹

2019

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“… Park and Lindberg , 1987; Lindberg and Park , 1987] and new models of spherically averaged structure [ Widmer et al , 1988; Toy , 1989; Montagner and Anderson , 1989b; Morelli and Dziewonski , 1989] but the main emphasis has been on long‐wavelength aspherical structure. The early 3‐D models are discussed in Lay [1987] and several other interpretative and review articles [e.g., Anderson , 1987c , d; Dziewonski and Woodhouse , 1987; Romanowicz and Dziewonski , 1987] so we now summarize the more recent work.…”

Section: Global‐scale Models Of the Mantlementioning

confidence: 98%