Global maps of twenty-first century forest carbon fluxes

Harris, Nancy L.; Gibbs, David A.; Baccini, Alessandro; Birdsey, Richard A.; Bruin, S. de; Farina, Mary; Fatoyinbo, Lola; Hansen, Matthew C.; Herold, Martin; Houghton, Richard A.; Potapov, Peter; Suárez, Daniela Requena; Román-Cuesta, Rosa María; Saatchi, Sassan; Slay, Christy M.; Turubanova, Svetlana; Tyukavina, Alexandra

doi:10.1038/s41558-020-00976-6

Cited by 694 publications

(476 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…However, forest carbon fluxes and stocks are spatially and temporarily heterogeneous [6][7][8]. Species composition, stand age, and management practices as well as site characteristics such as soil properties and climate can influence local carbon stocks and fluxes [9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Sequestration in Mixed Deciduous Forests: The Influence of Tree Size and Species Composition Derived from Model Experiments

Holtmann

Huth

Pohl

et al. 2021

Forests

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Forests play an important role in climate regulation due to carbon sequestration. However, a deeper understanding of forest carbon flux dynamics is often missing due to a lack of information about forest structure and species composition, especially for non-even-aged and species-mixed forests. In this study, we integrated field inventory data of a species-mixed deciduous forest in Germany into an individual-based forest model to investigate daily carbon fluxes and to examine the role of tree size and species composition for stand productivity. This approach enables to reproduce daily carbon fluxes derived from eddy covariance measurements (R2 of 0.82 for gross primary productivity and 0.77 for ecosystem respiration). While medium-sized trees (stem diameter 30–60 cm) account for the largest share (66%) of total productivity at the study site, small (0–30 cm) and large trees (>60 cm) contribute less with 8.3% and 25.5% respectively. Simulation experiments indicate that vertical stand structure and shading influence forest productivity more than species composition. Hence, it is important to incorporate small-scale information about forest stand structure into modelling studies to decrease uncertainties of carbon dynamic predictions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Sequestration in Mixed Deciduous Forests: The Influence of Tree Size and Species Composition Derived from Model Experiments

Holtmann

Huth

Pohl

et al. 2021

Forests

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“…2). Complexity could be increased by taking actual land uses and their changes into account and comparing to observed patterns (45), by including arid and high areas or by incorporating other mechanisms such as the CO 2 fertilisation effect. Alternatively, this same energetic approach (Eq.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Rising Temperatures on the Biomass of Humid Old-Growth Forests of the World

Larjavaara

Chen

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Understanding how warming temperatures are influencing biomasses in the world’s forests is necessary for quantifying future global C (carbon) budgets. A temperature-driven decrease in future C stocks could dangerously strengthen climate change. Empirical methods for studying the temperature response of forests have important limitations, and modelling is needed to provide another perspective. We modelled current and future AGB (old-growth above-ground biomass) in humid lowland areas of the world by dividing GPP (gross primary productivity) and a measure of energy needed to support a given about of biomass called here MCB (maintenance cost per unit biomass). Results: Based on the modelling, we predict a temperature-driven increase in both GPP and MCB, except in the tropics, where GPP will decrease. Their ratio, and therefore also ABG, is expected to decrease in all other regions except the boreal. The AGB is expected to decrease 41% in the tropics and 29% globally.Conclusions: The estimated drops in AGB are dramatic. However, we did not include the fertilisation effects of increasing CO2 (carbon dioxide) and N (nitrogen) that potentially mitigate the temperature-caused drop in AGB.

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“…This nitrogeninduced growth enhancement drives biodiversity loss (Hettelingh et al, 2015b; see Box 1.1), but may also contribute to climate change mitigation by enhancing carbon sequestration in plant biomass and soils, especially in forests. Forests occupy only one fifth of the Earths' land surface, but account for 90% of the terrestrial carbon sink (Harris et al, 2021;Pan et al, 2011a). Many forests in Western Europe and Southeast Asia currently receive more nitrogen via atmospheric deposition (Wang et al, 2017) than the average arable field in Sub-Saharan Africa receives via fertilizer, manure and biological nitrogen fixation combined (Liu et al, 2010b).…”

Section: Nitrogen-induced Carbon Sequestration In Forests and Net Greenhouse Gas Footprint Of Human Nitrogen Usementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The largest N-induced C sink likely occurs in forests Liu and Greaver, 2009). Despite rapid deforestation and adverse effects of multiple global change drivers on forest growth, forests represented a net C sink of 2,100 Tg C per year over the period 2001-2019 (Harris et al, 2021), absorbing about 18% of global fossil fuel emissions (Friedlingstein et al, 2020). Regional N deposition has increased by a factor 1.5-7 since pre-industrial times, particularly in Europe and Asia (Wang et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Managing nitrogen to keep food production within environmental limits

Schulte-Uebbing

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net greenhouse gas impact of nitrogen has been quantified globally (Butterbach-Bahl et al., 2011;Erisman et al., 2011), but information on its spatial variation is lacking. Objectives and outline of this thesisThis thesis aims to provide information on policy-relevant nitrogen indicators that capture trade-offs between nitrogen's adverse impacts and benefits, to support policies on sustainable nitrogen management in Europe and globally. This objective is divided into three subobjectives:Objective 1: To estimate spatially explicit critical agricultural nitrogen losses, surpluses and inputs related to targets for air and water quality, and aggregate spatially explicit thresholds to derive safe nitrogen boundaries at the regional, continental, and global level. (Chapters 2 and 4)Objective 2: To assess to what degree redistributing nitrogen inputs and increasing nitrogen use efficiency can contribute to meeting food demand while remaining within safe boundaries for nitrogen losses to air and water. (Chapters 3 and 4)

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Global maps of twenty-first century forest carbon fluxes

Cited by 694 publications

References 37 publications

Carbon Sequestration in Mixed Deciduous Forests: The Influence of Tree Size and Species Composition Derived from Model Experiments

Carbon Sequestration in Mixed Deciduous Forests: The Influence of Tree Size and Species Composition Derived from Model Experiments

Impact of Rising Temperatures on the Biomass of Humid Old-Growth Forests of the World

Managing nitrogen to keep food production within environmental limits

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