Global meltwater discharge and the deglacial sea-level record from northwest Scotland

Shennan, Ian

doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1417(199912)14:7<715::aid-jqs511>3.0.co;2-g

Cited by 23 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…More recently, the Barbados record of relative sea-level history indicates that following the Younger Dryas cooling episode, there may have been another meltwater pulse (Fairbanks, 1989;Peltier and Fairbanks, 2006), referred to as Meltwater Pulse 1b. Significant debate surrounds the magnitude and timing of Meltwater Pulse 1b (Bard et al, 1996;Cabioch et al, 2003;Cutler et al, 2003;Edwards et al, 1993;Shennan, 1999;Stanford et al, 2011) and even its existence, because similar to the 19 ka event, it is not seen in all sea-level records spanning the interval (e.g. Bard et al, 1996Bard et al, , 2010Hanebuth et al, 2000).…”

Section: Climate Evolution Over the Last Deglaciationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient climate simulations of the deglaciation 21–9 thousand years before present (version 1) – PMIP4 Core experiment design and boundary conditions

et al. 2016

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Abstract. The last deglaciation, which marked the transition between the last glacial and present interglacial periods, was punctuated by a series of rapid (centennial and decadal) climate changes. Numerical climate models are useful for investigating mechanisms that underpin the climate change events, especially now that some of the complex models can be run for multiple millennia. We have set up a Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP) working group to coordinate efforts to run transient simulations of the last deglaciation, and to facilitate the dissemination of expertise between modellers and those engaged with reconstructing the climate of the last 21 000 years. Here, we present the design of a coordinated Core experiment over the period 21–9 thousand years before present (ka) with time-varying orbital forcing, greenhouse gases, ice sheets and other geographical changes. A choice of two ice sheet reconstructions is given, and we make recommendations for prescribing ice meltwater (or not) in the Core experiment. Additional focussed simulations will also be coordinated on an ad hoc basis by the working group, for example to investigate more thoroughly the effect of ice meltwater on climate system evolution, and to examine the uncertainty in other forcings. Some of these focussed simulations will target shorter durations around specific events in order to understand them in more detail and allow for the more computationally expensive models to take part.

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Section: Climate Evolution Over the Last Deglaciationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient climate simulations of the deglaciation 21–9 thousand years before present (version 1) – PMIP4 Core experiment design and boundary conditions

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…More recently, the Barbados record of relative sea level history indicates that following the Younger Dryas cooling episode, there may have been another meltwater pulse (Fairbanks, 1989;Peltier and Fairbanks, 2006), referred to as Meltwater Pulse 1b. Significant debate surrounds the magnitude and timing of Meltwater Pulse 1b (Bard et al, 1996;Cabioch et al, 2003;Cutler et al, 2003;Edwards et al, 1993;Shennan, 1999;Stanford et al, 2011) and even its existence, because similar to the 19 ka event, it is not seen in all sea level records spanning the interval (e.g. Bard et al, 1996Bard et al, , 2010Hanebuth et al, 2000).…”

Section: Climate Evolution Over the Last Deglaciationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient climate simulations of the deglaciation 21–9 thousand years before present; PMIP4 Core experiment design and boundary conditions

Ivanovic¹,

Gregoire²,

Kageyama³

et al. 2015

Preprint

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Abstract. The last deglaciation, which marked the transition between the last glacial and present interglacial periods, was punctuated by a series of rapid (centennial and decadal) climate changes. Numerical climate models are useful for investigating mechanisms that underpin the events, especially now that some of the complex models can be run for multiple millennia. We have set up a Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP) working group to coordinate efforts to run transient simulations of the last deglaciation, and to facilitate the dissemination of expertise between modellers and those engaged with reconstructing the climate of the last 21 thousand years. Here, we present the design of a coordinated Core simulation over the period 21–9 thousand years before present (ka) with time varying orbital forcing, greenhouse gases, ice sheets, and other geographical changes. A choice of two ice sheet reconstructions is given, but no ice sheet or iceberg meltwater should be prescribed in the Core simulation. Additional focussed simulations will also be coordinated on an ad-hoc basis by the working group, for example to investigate the effect of ice sheet and iceberg meltwater, and the uncertainty in other forcings. Some of these focussed simulations will focus on shorter durations around specific events to allow the more computationally expensive models to take part.

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Late Holocene vertical land motion and relative sea‐level changes: lessons from the British Isles

Shennan

Milne

Bradley

2011

J Quaternary Science

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Vertical land motion caused by continuing glacial isostatic adjustment is one of several important components of sea-level change and is not limited just to previously glaciated regions. A national-scale analysis for the British Isles shows an ellipse of present-day relative uplift (relative sea-level fall), $1.2 mm a À1 , broadly centred on the deglaciated mountains of Scotland. The pattern of three foci of relative subsidence, $1 mm a À1 , results from the additional interactions of the deglacial meltwater load on the Atlantic basin and the continental shelf, and the signal due to far-field ice sheets. At a local scale, sediment compaction can more than double the rate of relative land subsidence. Relative land-level change (the negative of relative sea-level change) is not the same as vertical land motion. There is a spatial pattern in the difference between relative land-level change and vertical land motion, with differences at present of approximately À0.1 to À0.3 mm a À1 around the British Isles and þ2.5 to À1.5 mm a À1 globally. For the wider scientific and user community, whether or not the differences are considered significant will depend upon the location, time frame and spatial scale of the study that uses such information. Context and aimsIs sea level rising? A reasonable question, but the answer depends on what is meant or perceived about the meaning of the term sea level. You must frame the relevant location, time frame and spatial scale. This may seem obvious to the scientific community familiar with the complexities and details of decades of research but it may not be to those outside of that relatively small community. Controversies regarding data quality, management, analysis and display in the run up to the 2009 UN Climate Change Summit in Copenhagen and the ensuing media coverage marked a tipping point in the relationship between science and the public (Berkhout, 2010). Debates on past and future climate and environmental changes occur in many different forums, not only through academic conferences and through scientific journals. Online sources, ranging from web pages of the television and newspaper industry to discussion-boards and blogs, influence public opinion and ultimately filter through to political decisions. It is a key challenge to promote the findings of academic research to all of these communities. While the scientific community can debate issues and separate different contributions to sea-level change (Gehrels, 2010b), other stakeholders, practitioners and the wider public audience seek, appreciate and use information presented in a single, userfriendly format. One of the best formats is a map (Defra, 2006;Lowe et al., 2009;UKCIP, 2005) but confusion within the scientific literature will fuel scepticism and must be avoided. Studies of Late Holocene relative sea-level change provide critical information on the spatial variation of current rates and future scenarios of sea-level change. But we cannot expect the wider public audience to appreciate what may appear as a subtle diff...

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Global meltwater discharge and the deglacial sea-level record from northwest Scotland

Cited by 23 publications

References 16 publications

Transient climate simulations of the deglaciation 21–9 thousand years before present (version 1) – PMIP4 Core experiment design and boundary conditions

Transient climate simulations of the deglaciation 21–9 thousand years before present (version 1) – PMIP4 Core experiment design and boundary conditions

Transient climate simulations of the deglaciation 21–9 thousand years before present; PMIP4 Core experiment design and boundary conditions

Late Holocene vertical land motion and relative sea‐level changes: lessons from the British Isles

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