Global Metabolomics of the Placenta Reveals Distinct Metabolic Profiles between Maternal and Fetal Placental Tissues Following Delivery in Non-Labored Women

Abstract

We evaluated the metabolic alterations in maternal and fetal placental tissues from non-labored women undergoing cesarean section using samples collected from 5 min to 24 h following delivery. Using 1H-NMR, we identified 14 metabolites that significantly differed between maternal and fetal placental tissues (FDR-corrected p-value < 0.05), with 12 metabolites elevated in the maternal tissue, reflecting the flux of these metabolites from mother to fetus. In the maternal tissue, 4 metabolites were significantly altered at 15 min, 10 metabolites at 30 min, and 16 metabolites at 1 h postdelivery, while 11 metabolites remained stable over 24 h. In contrast, in the fetal placenta tissue, 1 metabolite was significantly altered at 15 min, 2 metabolites at 30 min, and 4 metabolites at 1 h postdelivery, while 22 metabolites remained stable over 24 h. Our study provides information on the metabolic profiles of maternal and fetal placental tissues delivered by cesarean section and reveals that there are different metabolic alterations in the maternal and fetal tissues of the placenta following delivery.

Multiomics approach reveals metabolic changes in the heart at birth

“…Two genes significantly upregulated in the newborn heart, adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (APRT) and adenosine kinase (ADK), produce AMP and are involved in the purine salvage pathway (Supplemental Table S7). In the heart, AMP is produced during stress when energy demand of the heart is high and exceeds energy supplies (28,59). Therefore, it is not surprising that following the stress of birth, AMP is accumulated in the heart, as ATP is utilized for energy during this period.…”

Integrated Metabolomics and Transcriptomics Suggest the Global Metabolic Response to 2-Aminoacrylate Stress in Salmonella enterica

“…Two-dimensional 1 H-13 C heteronuclear single quantum correlation (HSQC) and 1 H-13 C HSQC-TOCSY (HSQC-total correlation spectroscopy) experiments were used to aid in annotation of 2D J-RES metabolites and were not used for statistical analysis. A total of 37 metabolites were identified in bacterial extractions using COLMARm [49], comprehensive metabolite identification strategy using multiple two-dimensional NMR spectra of a complex mixture implemented in the COLMARm Web Server and assigned a confidence level ranging from 1 to 5, as previously described [50]. In short:…”

Continuous in vivo metabolism by NMR

“…Combined supernatants for representative samples were analyzed using 13 C-HSQC, HSQC-TOCSY, and noesypr1d NMR experiments, and the data were matched to an NMR metabolomics database using COLMARm 24 . Resulting putative identifications were manually assigned confidence scores as described previously 25 . We mapped 34 metabolites with high confidence scores onto the real-time in vivo spectra of N. crassa (representative annotations, Supplementary Table 1).…”

“…The spectral region containing the water signal [4. 7,5] ppm was replaced by zeros. Measurements for time points >11 h were removed in all experiments for consistency.…”

“…As such, researchers must choose between variables such as the number of replicates, the number of time points, and the time resolution for time-series. Furthermore, traditional metabolomics experimental designs face the challenges of extraction biases 4 and the confounding of biological and analytical variance 5 . While many studies employ sample preparation and extraction approaches effectively, direct or in vivo measurements are fundamentally simpler to obtain and interpret.…”