Global mortality from outdoor fine particle pollution generated by fossil fuel combustion: Results from GEOS-Chem

Vohra, K.G.; Vodonos, Alina; Schwartz, Joel; Marais, Eloïse A.; Sulprizio, Melissa P.; Mickley, Loretta J.

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2021.110754

Cited by 540 publications

(319 citation statements)

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“…For the months retained, average NH 3 is 1.6 µg nitrogen (N) m −3 for Auchencorth Moss, 2.5 µg N m −3 for Harwell and 6.1 µg N m −3 for Chilbolton Observatory. Chilbolton is southwest of mixed farmland, contributing to levels of NH 3 about 3 times higher than at Harwell (Walker et al, 2019). Harwell has a more dynamic range in NH 3 and stronger correlation (R = 0.69) than the other two sites (R = 0.37 for Auchencorth Moss; R = 0.50 for Chilbolton Observatory).…”

Section: Assessment Of Iasi Nhmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Space-based and Surface Air Quality Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 1 (Malley et al, 2015(Malley et al, , 2016Walker et al, 2019). Instruments at the Harwell site were relocated to Chilbolton Observatory in 2016, providing the opportunity to assess the satellite data at sites with distinct agricultural activity and anthropogenic influence (Walker et al, 2019). There are also passive NH 3 samplers in the UK, but these have coarse temporal (monthly) resolution (Tang et al, 2018) and no temporal correlation (R < 0.1) with a previous version of the IASI NH 3 product (Van Damme et al, 2015).…”

Section: Space-based and Surface Air Quality Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-term trends in air quality in major cities in the UK and India: a view from space

et al. 2021

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Abstract. Air quality networks in cities can be costly and inconsistent and typically monitor a few pollutants. Space-based instruments provide global coverage spanning more than a decade to determine trends in air quality, augmenting surface networks. Here we target cities in the UK (London and Birmingham) and India (Delhi and Kanpur) and use observations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI), ammonia (NH3) from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI), formaldehyde (HCHO) from OMI as a proxy for non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs), and aerosol optical depth (AOD) from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) for PM2.5. We assess the skill of these products at reproducing monthly variability in surface concentrations of air pollutants where available. We find temporal consistency between column and surface NO2 in cities in the UK and India (R = 0.5–0.7) and NH3 at two of three rural sites in the UK (R = 0.5–0.7) but not between AOD and surface PM2.5 (R < 0.4). MODIS AOD is consistent with AERONET at sites in the UK and India (R ≥ 0.8) and reproduces a significant decline in surface PM2.5 in London (2.7 % a−1) and Birmingham (3.7 % a−1) since 2009. We derive long-term trends in the four cities for 2005–2018 from OMI and MODIS and for 2008–2018 from IASI. Trends of all pollutants are positive in Delhi, suggesting no air quality improvements there, despite the roll-out of controls on industrial and transport sectors. Kanpur, identified by the WHO as the most polluted city in the world in 2018, experiences a significant and substantial (3.1 % a−1) increase in PM2.5. The decline of NO2, NH3, and PM2.5 in London and Birmingham is likely due in large part to emissions controls on vehicles. Trends are significant only for NO2 and PM2.5. Reactive NMVOCs decline in Birmingham, but the trend is not significant. There is a recent (2012–2018) steep (> 9 % a−1) increase in reactive NMVOCs in London. The cause for this rapid increase is uncertain but may reflect the increased contribution of oxygenated volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from household products, the food and beverage industry, and domestic wood burning, with implications for the formation of ozone in a VOC-limited city.

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Section: Assessment Of Iasi Nhmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Space-based and Surface Air Quality Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Space-based and Surface Air Quality Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-term trends in air quality in major cities in the UK and India: a view from space

et al. 2021

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“…Air pollution linked to fossil fuels is responsible for around one in five deaths, more than double the number previously thought, a study published in the journal Environmental Research found 3. Researchers estimated that 8.7 million people worldwide died in 2018 as a result of breathing air containing particles from burning fuels such as coal, petrol, and diesel, which aggravate respiratory conditions including asthma and can lead to lung cancer, coronary heart disease, strokes, and early death.…”

Section: Fossil Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seven days in medicine: 10-16 February 2021

2021

BMJ

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“…The highest rates of death linked to fossil fuel related air pollution were found in South East Asia, Europe, and eastern North America. The study was published online in the journal Environmental Research 1…”

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confidence: 99%

Fossil fuel air pollution blamed for 1 in 5 deaths worldwide

Torjesen¹

2021

BMJ

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Global mortality from outdoor fine particle pollution generated by fossil fuel combustion: Results from GEOS-Chem

Cited by 540 publications

References 50 publications

Long-term trends in air quality in major cities in the UK and India: a view from space

Long-term trends in air quality in major cities in the UK and India: a view from space

Seven days in medicine: 10-16 February 2021

Fossil fuel air pollution blamed for 1 in 5 deaths worldwide

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