Global multi-stakeholder endorsement of the MAFLD definition

Méndez-Sánchez, Nahúm; Bugianesi, Elisabetta; Gish, Robert G.; Lammert, Frank; Tilg, Herbert; Nguyen, Mindie H.; Sarin, Shiv Kumar; Fabrellas, Núria; Zelber‐Sagi, Shira; Fan, Jian‐Gao; Shiha, Gamal; Targher, Giovanni; Zheng, Ming‐Hua; Chan, Wah‐Kheong; Vinker, Shlomo; Kawaguchi, Takumi; Castéra, Laurent; Yılmaz, Yusuf; Korenjak, Marko; Spearman, C Wendy; Ungan, Mehmet; Palmer, Melissa; El‐Shabrawi, Mortada; Gruss, Hans-Juergen; Dufour, Jean‐François; Dhawan, Anil; Wedemeyer, Heiner; George, Jacob; Valenti, Luca; Fouad, Yasser; Romero–Gómez, Manuel; Eslam, Mohammed

doi:10.1016/s2468-1253(22)00062-0

Cited by 188 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…It is a multisystem illness affecting numerous extrahepatic organs, including insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, all of which contribute to increased morbidity and mortality in patients with NAFLD/NASH [11,12]. The term metabolic-(dysfunction) associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has been recently proposed to more accurately reflect the disease's heterogeneity and pathogenesis [13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial Dysfunction Plays Central Role in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ramanathan

Ali

Ibdah

2022

IJMS

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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global pandemic that affects one-quarter of the world’s population. NAFLD includes a spectrum of progressive liver disease from steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, and cirrhosis and can be complicated by hepatocellular carcinoma. It is strongly associated with metabolic syndromes, obesity, and type 2 diabetes, and it has been shown that metabolic dysregulation is central to its pathogenesis. Recently, it has been suggested that metabolic- (dysfunction) associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a more appropriate term to describe the disease than NAFLD, which puts increased emphasis on the important role of metabolic dysfunction in its pathogenesis. There is strong evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction plays a significant role in the development and progression of NAFLD. Impaired mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and, more recently, a reduction in mitochondrial quality, have been suggested to play a major role in NAFLD development and progression. In this review, we provide an overview of our current understanding of NAFLD and highlight how mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to its pathogenesis in both animal models and human subjects. Further we discuss evidence that the modification of mitochondrial function modulates NAFLD and that targeting mitochondria is a promising new avenue for drug development to treat NAFLD/NASH.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial Dysfunction Plays Central Role in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ramanathan

Ali

Ibdah

2022

IJMS

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“…Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), formerly known as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), has been recently recognized by global experts [14,15]. MAFLD is the most common cause of chronic liver disease and it affects approximately 25% of the adult population worldwide [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Pandemic: Insights into Interactions between SARS-CoV-2 Infection and MAFLD

Chen¹,

Chen²

2022

Int. J. Biol. Sci.

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COVID-19, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has become an ongoing global health pandemic. Since 2019, the pandemic continues to cast a long shadow on all aspects of our lives, bringing huge health and economic burdens to all societies. With our in-depth understanding of COVID-19, from the initial respiratory tract to the later gastrointestinal tract and cardiovascular systems, the multiorgan involvement of this infectious disease has been discovered. Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), formerly named nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is a major health issue closely related to metabolic dysfunctions, affecting a quarter of the world's adult population. The association of COVID-19 with MAFLD has received increasing attention, as MAFLD is a potential risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe COVID-19 symptoms. In this review, we provide an update on the interactions between COVID-19 and MAFLD and its underlying mechanisms.

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“…In 2020, the concept of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) was proposed to obtain an inclusive diagnosis for these patients and recognize the presence of MAFLD (i.e., a metabolic component of liver disease) that can exist despite the presence of other liver disease [ 11 ]. The concept of MAFLD more accurately reflects the underlying pathophysiology than the previously used NAFLD and is expected to contribute to improved patient care [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of metabolic syndrome and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease on cardiovascular risk by the presence or absence of type 2 diabetes and according to sex

Matsubayashi

Fujihara

Yamada-Harada

et al. 2022

Cardiovasc Diabetol

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Background To determine the impact of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and/or metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), which are pathophysiologically similar and include insulin resistance, on the development of new-onset cardiovascular disease with and without type 2 diabetes and according to sex. Methods This study included 570,426 individuals without a history of cardiovascular disease who were enrolled in a nationwide claims database from 2008 to 2016 and were classified by the presence or absence of MetS and/or MAFLD stratified by the presence or absence of type 2 diabetes and sex. The fatty liver index was used to determine the presence or absence of fatty liver that required a diagnosis of MAFLD. Risks of developing coronary artery disease (CAD) and cerebrovascular disease (CVD) in each category were analyzed using a multivariate Cox proportional hazard model. Results During a median follow-up of 5.2 years, 2252 CAD and 3128 CVD events occurred. Without type 2 diabetes the hazard ratio (HR) (95% CI) for CAD/CVD compared with neither MAFLD nor MetS was 1.32 (1.17–1.50)/1.41(1.28–1.57) for MAFLD only (without MetS), 1.78 (1.22–2.58)/1.66 (1.34–2.06) for MetS only (without MAFLD), and 2.10 (1.84–2.39)/1.73 (1.54–1.95) for MAFLD + MetS. For those with type 2 diabetes, the HR for CAD for MAFLD only (compared with neither MAFLD nor MetS) was 1.29 (1.06–1.58), for MetS only 1.34 (0.84–2.13), and for MAFLD + MetS 1.22 (1.02–1.47). For CVD, there was a significant increase in HR only in MAFLD + MetS [1.44 (1.18–1.76)]. The results of the analysis stratified by sex showed that MAFLD had a greater impact in men, and MetS had a greater impact in women regarding the development of CAD. Conclusions Distinguishing between MetS and/or MAFLD in the presence or absence of type 2 diabetes and according to sex may aid in accurately identifying patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease.

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Global multi-stakeholder endorsement of the MAFLD definition

Cited by 188 publications

References 11 publications

Mitochondrial Dysfunction Plays Central Role in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Mitochondrial Dysfunction Plays Central Role in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

COVID-19 Pandemic: Insights into Interactions between SARS-CoV-2 Infection and MAFLD

Impact of metabolic syndrome and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease on cardiovascular risk by the presence or absence of type 2 diabetes and according to sex

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