Global observations and modeling of nonmigrating diurnal tides generated by tide‐planetary wave interactions

Lieberman, R. S.; Riggin, D. M.; Ortland, D. A.; Oberheide, J.; Siskind, David E.

doi:10.1002/2015jd023739

Cited by 49 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Consequently, any short-term variability in the dynamic features gets lost. Nevertheless, there are a few approaches to extract the short-term variability of non-migrating tidal modes from satellite data using a deconvolution method (Oberheide et al, 2002;Lieberman et al, 2015;Pedatella et al, 2016). But these approaches are limited to lower latitudes (< 50 • N) to resolve non-migrating tides (Oberheide et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal variability of tidal and gravity waves during a record long 10-day continuous lidar sounding

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Gravity waves (GWs) as well as solar tides are a key driving mechanism for the circulation in the Earth's atmosphere. The propagation of gravity waves is strongly affected by tidal waves as they modulate the mean background wind field and vice versa, which is not yet fully understood and not adequately implemented in many circulation models. The daylight-capable Rayleigh-Mie-Raman (RMR) lidar at Kühlungsborn (54 • N, 12 • E) typically provides temperature data to investigate both wave phenomena during one full day or several consecutive days in the middle atmosphere between 30 and 75 km altitude. Outstanding weather conditions in May 2016 allowed for an unprecedented 10-day continuous lidar measurement, which shows a large variability of gravity waves and tides on timescales of days. Using a one-dimensional spectral filtering technique, gravity and tidal waves are separated according to their specific periods or vertical wavelengths, and their temporal evolution is studied. During the measurement period a strong 24 h wave occurs only between 40 and 60 km and vanishes after a few days. The disappearance is related to an enhancement of gravity waves with periods of 4-8 h. Wind data provided by ECMWF are used to analyze the meteorological situation at our site. The local wind structure changes during the observation period, which leads to different propagation conditions for gravity waves in the last days of the measurement period and therefore a strong GW activity. The analysis indicates a further change in wave-wave interaction resulting in a minimum of the 24 h tide. The observed variability of tides and gravity waves on timescales of a few days clearly demonstrates the importance of continuous measurements with high temporal and spatial resolution to detect interaction phenomena, which can help to improve parametrization schemes of GWs in general circulation models.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal variability of tidal and gravity waves during a record long 10-day continuous lidar sounding

et al. 2018

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“…The diurnal modes are the strongest among them. They may originate from a combination of DW1 interaction with sPW1 and the longitudinally varying tropospheric latent heat release related to the wave-1 surface longitudinal asymmetry (Oberheide et al, 2005;Lieberman et al, 2015). A hint of activity with smaller amplitudes (2 K at 90 km and 6 K 105 km) appears at 65 • S. These features are in phase and antiphase with the signals measured at the Equator and 35 • , respectively, and also tilt westward with altitude.…”

Section: The |N Odd − S| = 1 Modementioning

confidence: 53%

“…Ideally, a complete longitudinal and local time coverage is needed in order to isolate the tidal components contributing to the observed signal. Sun-synchronous observations at 12 h intervals at fixed local times, like MIPAS, do not provide good local time coverage, but the combination of the measurements made in each node reduces aliasing (Oberheide et al, 2002;Lieberman et al, 2015). Non-Sunsynchronous observations allow for the separation of individ-ual tidal components but the slow satellite precession period generally worsens the temporal resolution (e.g., Gan et al, 2014;Truskowski et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An interaction between zonal wavenumber s asymmetries in surface or atmospheric properties and the absorption of the nth harmonic of the diurnally varying solar radiation generates a sum and a difference tide with frequency n and zonal wavenumbers n ± s. For example, the zonally asymmetric latent heat release in the tropical troposphere caused by the wavenumber-4 land-sea distribu-tion modulates the migrating diurnal DW1 component to excite the DE3 and DW5 tidal pair (Hagan and Forbes, 2002;. As an example of wave-wave interactions, involving tides and planetary waves, the interaction of the stationary planetary wave-1 sPW1 with DW1 leads to the formation of D0 and DW2 tidal modes (Hagan and Roble, 2001;Mayr et al, 2005a;Lieberman et al, 2015). Note that the widely used three-character notation for tides is also used here.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Few global observations of the neutral atmosphere are available in the 100-150 km altitude range. Temperatures have generally been analyzed at the lowest altitudes of this range (generally below 115 km) using TIMED, Aura or WINDII satellite measurements (see, e.g., Wang et al, 2000;Forbes and Wu, 2006;Xu et al, 2009;Pancheva et al, , 2013Pancheva and Mukhtarov, 2011;Yue et al, 2013;Truskowski et al, 2014;Lieberman et al, 2015), or above the range, using WINDII measurements around 250 km (Shepherd et al, 2012) and CHAMP measurements of the exosphere (see e.g., Forbes et al, 2008Forbes et al, , 2014Oberheide et al, 2009;Bruinsma and Forbes, 2010). Studies of longitudinal oscillations measured by MIPAS on Envisat for this altitude range have been conducted by Xu et al (2013), but only for selected atmospheric conditions (aurorae).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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MIPAS observations of longitudinal oscillations in the mesosphere and the lower thermosphere: climatology of odd-parity daily frequency modes

et al. 2016

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Abstract. MIPAS global Sun-synchronous observations are almost fixed in local time. Subtraction of the descending and ascending node measurements at each longitude only includes the longitudinal oscillations with odd daily frequencies n odd from the Sun's perspective at 10:00. Contributions from the background atmosphere, daily-invariant zonal oscillations and tidal modes with even-parity daily frequencies vanish. We have determined longitudinal oscillations in MI-PAS temperature with n odd and wavenumber k = 0-4 from the stratosphere to 150 km from April 2007 to March 2012. To our knowledge, this is the first time zonal oscillations in temperature have been derived pole to pole in this altitude range from a single instrument. The major findings are the detection of (1) migrating tides at northern and southern high latitudes; (2) significant k = 1 activity at extratropical and high latitudes, particularly in the Southern Hemisphere; (3) k = 3 and k = 4 eastward-propagating waves that penetrate the lower thermosphere with a significantly larger vertical wavelength than in the mesosphere; and (4) a migrating tide quasi-biennial oscillation in the stratosphere, mesosphere and lower thermosphere. MIPAS global measurements of longitudinal oscillations are useful for testing tide modeling in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere region and as a lower boundary for models extending higher up in the atmosphere.

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Short‐term nonmigrating tide variability in the mesosphere, thermosphere, and ionosphere

et al. 2016

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The intraseasonal variability of the eastward propagating nonmigrating diurnal tide with zonal wave number 3 (DE3) during 2007 in the mesosphere, ionosphere, and thermosphere is investigated using a whole atmosphere model reanalysis and satellite observations. The atmospheric reanalysis is based on implementation of data assimilation in the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM) using the Data Assimilation Research Testbed (DART) ensemble Kalman filter. The tidal variability in the WACCM+DART reanalysis is compared to the observed variability in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) based on the Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics Dynamics satellite Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (TIMED/SABER) observations, in the ionosphere based on Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC) observations, and in the upper thermosphere (∼475 km) based on Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) neutral density observations. To obtain the short‐term DE3 variability in the MLT and upper thermosphere, we apply the method of tidal deconvolution to the TIMED/SABER observations and consider the difference in the ascending and descending longitudinal wave number 4 structure in the GRACE observations. The results reveal that tidal amplitude changes of 5–10 K regularly occur on short timescales (∼10–20 days) in the MLT. Similar variability occurs in the WACCM+DART reanalysis and TIMED/SABER observations, demonstrating that the short‐term variability can be captured in whole atmosphere models that employ data assimilation and in observations by the technique of tidal deconvolution. The impact of the short‐term DE3 variability in the MLT on the ionosphere and thermosphere is also clearly evident in the COSMIC and GRACE observations. Analysis of the troposphere forcing in WACCM+DART and simulations of the Global Scale Wave Model (GSWM) show that the short‐term DE3 variability in the MLT is not related to a single source; rather, it is due to a combination of changes in troposphere forcing, zonal mean atmosphere, and wave‐wave interactions.

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Global observations and modeling of nonmigrating diurnal tides generated by tide‐planetary wave interactions

Cited by 49 publications

References 60 publications

Temporal variability of tidal and gravity waves during a record long 10-day continuous lidar sounding

Temporal variability of tidal and gravity waves during a record long 10-day continuous lidar sounding

MIPAS observations of longitudinal oscillations in the mesosphere and the lower thermosphere: climatology of odd-parity daily frequency modes

Short‐term nonmigrating tide variability in the mesosphere, thermosphere, and ionosphere

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