Global prevalence of hepatitis C in general population: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Salari, Nader; Kazeminia, Mohsen; Hemati, Niloufar; Ammari-Allahyari, Mojtaba; Mohammadi, Masoud; Shohaimi, Shamarina

doi:10.1016/j.tmaid.2022.102255

Cited by 32 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 78 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This HCVcAg assay could be used in high‐risk populations, 104 where early detection and management of HCV infection are essential to minimise virus transmission. Moreover, it could be helpful in countries with high HCV prevalence and significant iatrogenic transmission, especially in populations with limited health personnel, facilities, or rapid diagnostic tests (Egypt, Nigeria, Iran, or Pakistan, among others) 105,106 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, it could be helpful in countries with high HCV prevalence and significant iatrogenic transmission, especially in populations with limited health personnel, facilities, or rapid diagnostic tests (Egypt, Nigeria, Iran, or Pakistan, among others). 105,106 The cut-off point of both the NAAT and HCVcAg tests impacts Moreover, viral loads measured in this technique correlate well with HCVcAg. In our meta-analysis, the risk of bias was medium-low because only 21 studies had a low risk, seven were a high risk, and many elements were unclear or missing.…”

Section: Agementioning

confidence: 95%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Diagnostic performance of hepatitis C core antigen assay to identify active infections: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Sepúlveda‐Crespo

Treviño‐Nakoura

Bellón

et al. 2023

Reviews in Medical Virology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) core antigen (HCVcAg) assay is an alternative for diagnosing HCV infection in a single step. This meta‐analysis aimed to evaluate the Abbott ARCHITECT HCV Ag assay's diagnostic performance (validity and utility) for diagnosing active hepatitis C. PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched until 10 January 2023. The protocol was registered at the prospective international register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO: CRD42022337191). Abbott ARCHITECT HCV Ag assay was the test for evaluation, and nucleic acid amplification tests with a cut‐off ≤50 IU/mL were the gold standard. Statistical analysis was performed using STATA with the MIDAS module and random‐effects models. The bivariate analysis was conducted on 46 studies (18,116 samples). The pooled sensitivity was 0.96 (95% CI = 0.94–0.97), specificity 0.99 (95% CI = 0.99–1.00), positive likelihood ratio 141.81 (95% CI = 72.39–277.79), and negative likelihood ratio 0.04 (95% CI = 0.03–0.06). The area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 1.00 (95% CI = 0.34–1.00). For active hepatitis C prevalence values of 0.1%–15%, the probability that a positive test was a true positive was 12%–96%, respectively, indicating that a confirmatory test should be necessary, particularly with a prevalence ≤5%. However, the probability that a negative test was a false negative was close to zero, indicating the absence of HCV infection. The validity (accuracy) of the Abbott ARCHITECT HCV Ag assay for screening active HCV infection in serum/plasma samples was excellent. Although the HCVcAg assay showed limited diagnostic utility in low prevalence settings (≤1%), it might help diagnose hepatitis C in high prevalence scenarios (≥5%).

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Agementioning

confidence: 95%

Diagnostic performance of hepatitis C core antigen assay to identify active infections: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Sepúlveda‐Crespo

Treviño‐Nakoura

Bellón

et al. 2023

Reviews in Medical Virology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the principal cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) globally. World Health Organization reported that more than 3% of the world’s population is infected with HCV . In Pakistan, about 6% subjects of the total population are suffering from hepatitis C infection .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…World Health Organization reported that more than 3% of the world’s population is infected with HCV. 1 In Pakistan, about 6% subjects of the total population are suffering from hepatitis C infection. 2 HCV is a single-stranded RNA virus and belongs to the family Flaviviridae .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptional Analysis of TP53 Gene in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients Treated with Sofosbuvir, Daclatasvir, Pegylated Interferon, and Ribavirin

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major public health problem that affects more than 170 million people globally. HCV is a principal cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) around the globe due to the high frequency of hepatitis C infection, and the high rate of HCC is seen in patients with HCV cirrhosis. TP53 is considered as a frequently altered gene in all cancer types, and it carries an interferon response element in its promoter region. In addition to that, the TP53 gene also interacts with different HCV proteins. HCV proteins especially NS3 protein and core protein induce the mutations in the TP53 gene that lower the expression of this gene in HCV patients and leads to HCC development. In this study, we examined the transcriptional analysis of the TP53 gene in HCV-infected patients administered with different combinations of antiviral therapies including sofosbuvir + daclatasvir, sofosbuvir + ribavirin, and pegylated interferon + ribavirin. This study included 107 subjects; 15 treated with sofosbuvir + daclatasvir, 58 treated with sofosbuvir + ribavirin, 11 treated with interferon + ribavirin, 8 untreated, 10 HCC patients, and 5 were healthy controls. Total RNA was extracted from the PMBCs of HCV infected patients and reverse transcribed into cDNA using a gene specific reverse primer. The expression level of TP53 mRNA was analyzed using quantitative PCR. The expression of TP53 mRNA was notably upregulated in rapid virological response (RVR), early virological response (EVR), and sustained virological response (SVR) groups as compared to non-responders and naïve groups. The expression of TP53 mRNA was seen high in HCC as compared to control groups. Additionally, it has been demonstrated that sofosbuvir + daclatasvir treatment stimulates significant elevation in TP53 gene expression as compared to (sofosbuvir + ribavirin) and (IFN + ribavirin) treatment. This study indicates that the TP53 gene expression is highly upregulated in RVR, EVR, and SVR groups as compared to control groups. Moreover, sofosbuvir + daclatasvir therapy induces significant rise in TP53 mRNA expression levels as compared to (sofosbuvir + ribavirin) and (IFN + ribavirin) treatment. According to these results, it can be concluded that sofosbuvir + daclatasvir plays a significant role in preventing HCV patients from developing severe liver complications as compared to other administered therapies. This study is novel as no such type of study has been conducted previously on the expression of TP53 in local HCV-infected population treated with different combinations of therapies. This study is helpful for the development of new therapeutic strategies and for improving existing therapies.

show abstract

“…Of this, 720,000 deaths were due to cirrhosis and 470,000 deaths were due to hepatocellular carcinoma (1). Up to 3% of the global population-equaling approximately 170 million individuals-are estimated to be infected with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) (2,3). A systematic review and meta-analysis by Salem et al reported a global HCV prevalence of 1.8% in the general population (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence and Genotype Diversity of Hepatitis C Virus in the Caribbean - A Review

Brown¹,

Lindo²,

Nelson³

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

INTRODUCTION There have been several advances in the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection which have resulted in major reductions in the morbidity and mortality from liver-associated disease. These are not widely available in the Caribbean, due in part, to lack of knowledge of the epidemiology of infections with HCV. As efforts are made to eliminate HCV from the region, these and other existing barriers such as lack of an established database on HCV must be addressed. This review seeks to identify gaps in the knowledge of HCV in the Caribbean with respect to seroprevalence, genotype distribution and general epidemiologic characteristics. MATERIALS AND METHODS The literature for the period January 1, 2005, to October 2022, was reviewed to gather country specific data on HCV across the Caribbean. References were identified through indexed journals accessed through established databases. The usage pattern of HCV drugs was determined from data obtained from Pharmacists and Infectious Diseases Specialists across the region. RESULTS The prevalence of HCV in the Caribbean was 1.5%; the region should therefore be considered an area of moderate prevalence. Notably, data from specific countries were limited. The prevalence of HCV among intravenous drug users (21.9-58.8%); persons living with HIV/AIDS (0.8 to 58.5%); prisoners (32.8-64%) and men who have sex with men (MSM) (0.8-6.9%) was generally higher than in the general population (0.8-2.3%). Genotype 1 (83% was most prevalent followed by genotypes 2 (7.2%) and 3(2.1%), respectively. Drugs currently being used for treatment of HCV infections across the Caribbean include Epclusa (Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir), and Harvoni (Ledipasvir/sofosbuvir). Some of these drugs, are only available in the private sector and are sourced externally whenever needed. CONCLUSION There is a paucity of current data on the seroprevalence of HCV in the Caribbean and well-designed prospective studies are indicated to drive the implementation of treatment and control programs for HCV in the region. Barriers which need to be first overcome include unavailability and high cost of drugs used to treat HCV infections, injecting drug use and limited access to medical care and laboratory testing.

show abstract

Global prevalence of hepatitis C in general population: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 32 publications

References 78 publications

Diagnostic performance of hepatitis C core antigen assay to identify active infections: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Diagnostic performance of hepatitis C core antigen assay to identify active infections: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Transcriptional Analysis of TP53 Gene in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients Treated with Sofosbuvir, Daclatasvir, Pegylated Interferon, and Ribavirin

Seroprevalence and Genotype Diversity of Hepatitis C Virus in the Caribbean - A Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About