Global Prevalence of Periodontal Disease and Lack of Its Surveillance

Abstract

Background. Periodontal disease is a public health problem and is strongly associated with systemic diseases; however, its worldwide distribution is not fully understood. Objective. To evaluate global data of periodontal disease: (1) among adolescents, adults, and older population and (2) in low-, middle-, and high-income countries. Methods. This ecological study included data of periodontal disease from the World Health Organization’s data bank which are based on the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN code: 0 = no disease; 1 = bleeding on probing; 2 = calculus; 3 = periodontal pocket (PD) 4-5 mm; 4 = PD (6+ mm). Age- and income-related periodontal disease inequalities were evaluated across the globe. Results. Compared with 9.3% of adults and 9.7% of older persons, 21.2% of adolescents had no periodontal disease (P=0.005). Nearly 18.8% of adolescents compared with 8.9% of adults and 5% of older persons had bleeding on probing (P≤0.001). Similarly, 50.3% of adolescents, 44.6% of adults, and 31.9% older persons demonstrated the occurrence of calculus (P=0.01). On the other hand, older persons had the highest prevalence of PD 4-5 mm and PD 6+ mm than adults and adolescents (P≤0.001). The distribution of periodontitis (CPITN code 3 + 4) in adults differed significantly in low- (28.7%), lower-middle- (10%), upper-middle- (42.5%), and high-income countries (43.7%) (P=0.04). However, no significant differences in periodontitis (CPITN code 3 + 4) were observed in adolescents and older persons in low- to high-income countries. Conclusions. Within the limitations of data, this study found that the distribution of periodontal disease increases with age. Periodontitis was the most common in older persons and in population from high-income countries.

<p>Periodontal Disease Status and Associated Risk Factors in Patients Attending a Tertiary Hospital in Northwest Ethiopia</p>

“…2 The prevalence was differed significantly in low (28.7%), lower-middle (10%), upper-middle (42.5%), and high-income countries (43.7%). 3 The prevalence was different in East Africa with a prevalence of 89.8% in Egypt, 4 63.9% in Sudan, 5 and 53.4% in Ethiopia. 6 Periodontal disease has been associated with poor lifestyle, low-socioeconomic status, poor access to health care, and health-related risk behaviors (smoking, obesity, alcohol intake, carbohydrate diets, and poor oral hygiene practice) in developing countries.…”

“… 2 The prevalence was differed significantly in low (28.7%), lower-middle (10%), upper-middle (42.5%), and high-income countries (43.7%). 3 The prevalence was different in East Africa with a prevalence of 89.8% in Egypt, 4 63.9% in Sudan, 5 and 53.4% in Ethiopia. 6…”

Self-assessment tool for evaluating periodontal conditions

“…A recent study on the global prevalence of periodontal disease revealed that the percentage of adults affected by various stages of periodontal disease is 100% in China, India, and Belarus. 3 In addition, over half of the adult population in Belarus (76%), Germany (73%), Nepal (64%), Poland (62%), Malaysia (60%), Libya (56%), Iran (53%), and Taiwan (53%) have periodontitis.…”

Is Periodontitis a Predictor for an Adverse Outcome in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting? A Pilot Study

“…Periodontitis has a high worldwide prevalence with nearly 40% in the age group of the 35–44-year-olds and nearly 50% in the age group of the 65–74-year-olds [ 31 ]. There is increasing evidence that periodontitis can promote the development of systemic diseases such as atherosclerosis and subsequent CVD.…”