Global Radiative Flux and Cloudiness Variability for the Period 1959–2010 in Belgium: A Comparison between Reanalyses and the Regional Climate Model MAR

Wyard, Coraline; Doutreloup, Sébastien; Belleflamme, Alexandre; Wild, Martin; Fettweis, Xavier

doi:10.3390/atmos9070262

Cited by 12 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…The coarse resolution of ERA-20C (∼ 125 km) does not allow for a correct description of the atmospheric variables over mountainous areas, which justifies the use of a regional model with higher resolution and advanced physical parameterizations. MAR has already been successfully tested with the ERA-20C reanalysis as boundary conditions over Europe (Wyard et al, 2017(Wyard et al, , 2018. After a spin-up of 2 years, the model in general and the surface component in particular are sup- applied with a resolution of 7 km and laterally forced with ERA-20C.…”

Section: Mar Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, their coarse resolution precludes accurate simulations of small-scale processes typical of mountainous areas, such as those inducing the spatial heterogeneity of precipitation and snow cover. It is, therefore, difficult to study the Alpine climate variability with GCMs (Zubler et al, 2016). Due to their finer resolution (∼ 25 to 1 km) and their more detailed parametrization for physical processes (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contrasting seasonal changes in total and intense precipitation in the European Alps from 1903 to 2010

Ménégoz

Valla

Jourdain

et al. 2020

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Changes in precipitation over the European Alps are investigated with the regional climate model MAR (Modèle Atmosphérique Régional) applied with a 7 km resolution over the period 1903–2010 using the reanalysis ERA-20C as forcing. A comparison with several observational datasets demonstrates that the model is able to reproduce the climatology as well as both the interannual variability and the seasonal cycle of precipitation over the European Alps. The relatively high resolution allows us to estimate precipitation at high elevations. The vertical gradient of precipitation simulated by MAR over the European Alps reaches 33% km−1 (1.21 mm d−1 km−1) in summer and 38 % km−1 (1.15 mm d−1 km−1) in winter, on average, over 1971–2008 and shows a large spatial variability. A significant (p value < 0.05) increase in mean winter precipitation is simulated in the northwestern Alps over 1903–2010, with changes typically reaching 20 % to 40 % per century. This increase is mainly explained by a stronger simple daily intensity index (SDII) and is associated with less-frequent but longer wet spells. A general drying is found in summer over the same period, exceeding 20 % to 30 % per century in the western plains and 40 % to 50 % per century in the southern plains surrounding the Alps but remaining much smaller (<10 %) and not significant above 1500 m a.s.l. Below this level, the summer drying is explained by a reduction in the number of wet days, reaching 20 % per century over the northwestern part of the Alps and 30 % to 50 % per century in the southern part of the Alps. It is associated with shorter but more-frequent wet spells. The centennial trends are modulated over the last decades, with the drying occurring in the plains in winter also affecting high-altitude areas during this season and with a positive trend of autumn precipitation occurring only over the last decades all over the Alps. Maximum daily precipitation index (Rx1day) takes its highest values in autumn in both the western and the eastern parts of the southern Alps, locally reaching 50 to 70 mm d−1 on average over 1903–2010. Centennial maxima up to 250 to 300 mm d−1 are simulated in the southern Alps, in France and Italy, as well as in the Ticino valley in Switzerland. Over 1903–2010, seasonal Rx1day shows a general and significant increase at the annual timescale and also during the four seasons, reaching local values between 20 % and 40 % per century over large parts of the Alps and the Apennines. Trends of Rx1day are significant (p value < 0.05) only when considering long time series, typically 50 to 80 years depending on the area considered. Some of these trends are nonetheless significant when computed over 1970–2010, suggesting a recent acceleration of the increase in extreme precipitation, whereas earlier periods with strong precipitation also occurred, in particular during the 1950s and 1960s.

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Section: Mar Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting seasonal changes in total and intense precipitation in the European Alps from 1903 to 2010

Ménégoz

Valla

Jourdain

et al. 2020

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…This is probably due to a slight underestimation (10-20%) of the cloud cover in the MAR version used in this study, which has been largely reduced in the latest version of the MAR (MAR v3.9, see e.g. Wyard et al 2018).…”

Section: Evaluation Of the Mar Surface Scheme In Terms Of Smb And Sebmentioning

confidence: 90%

Regional modeling of surface mass balance on the Cook Ice Cap, Kerguelen Islands ($$49^{\circ }\mathrm{S}$$, $$69^{\circ }\mathrm{E}$$)

et al. 2019

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Your article is protected by copyright and all rights are held exclusively by Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. This e-offprint is for personal use only and shall not be self-archived in electronic repositories. If you wish to self-archive your article, please use the accepted manuscript version for posting on your own website. You may further deposit the accepted manuscript version in any repository, provided it is only made publicly available 12 months after official publication or later and provided acknowledgement is given to the original source of publication and a link is inserted to the published article on Springer's website. The link must be accompanied by the following text: "The final publication is available at link.springer.com".

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“…It is a hydrostatic primitive equation model initially developed for Polar regions [22] such as the Greenland ice sheet (e.g., [23,24]) or the Antarctic region (e.g., [25,26]). However, MAR has successfully been adapted for Western European temperate regions [27][28][29][30][31] and has also been chosen to be part of the European branch of the international COordinated Regional climate Downscaling EXperiment (EURO-CORDEX) project thanks to the Belgian CORDEX.be project [32]. For more details about the physical parameterization of the MAR model used here, we refer to [19].…”

Section: Models and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precipitation Evolution over Belgium by 2100 and Sensitivity to Convective Schemes Using the Regional Climate Model MAR

et al. 2019

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The first aim of this study is to determine if changes in precipitation and more specifically in convective precipitation are projected in a warmer climate over Belgium. The second aim is to evaluate if these changes are dependent on the convective scheme used. For this purpose, the regional climate model Modèle Atmosphérique Régional (MAR) was forced by two general circulation models (NorESM1-M and MIROC5) with five convective schemes (namely: two versions of the Bechtold schemes, the Betts–Miller–Janjić scheme, the Kain–Fritsch scheme, and the modified Tiedtke scheme) in order to assess changes in future precipitation quantities/distributions and associated uncertainties. In a warmer climate (using RCP8.5), our model simulates a small increase of convective precipitation, but lower than the anomalies and the interannual variability over the current climate, since all MAR experiments simulate a stronger warming in the upper troposphere than in the lower atmospheric layers, favoring more stable conditions. No change is also projected in extreme precipitation nor in the ratio of convective precipitation. While MAR is more sensitive to the convective scheme when forced by GCMs than when forced by ERA-Interim over the current climate, projected changes from all MAR experiments compare well.

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Global Radiative Flux and Cloudiness Variability for the Period 1959–2010 in Belgium: A Comparison between Reanalyses and the Regional Climate Model MAR

Cited by 12 publications

References 64 publications

Contrasting seasonal changes in total and intense precipitation in the European Alps from 1903 to 2010

Contrasting seasonal changes in total and intense precipitation in the European Alps from 1903 to 2010

Regional modeling of surface mass balance on the Cook Ice Cap, Kerguelen Islands ($$49^{\circ }\mathrm{S}$$, $$69^{\circ }\mathrm{E}$$)

Precipitation Evolution over Belgium by 2100 and Sensitivity to Convective Schemes Using the Regional Climate Model MAR

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