In order to solve the problem that some test data cannot be measured or the measurement is difficult, a combined aerodynamic parameters identification method for missing test data is proposed. In this method, the aerodynamic parameter identification problem is modified into an optimization problem. The initial value of the flight state and the aerodynamic parameter interpolation table are used as design variables, and the motion equation of the aircraft including all aerodynamic parameters is used as a model to construct an objective function containing multiple pieces of test data information. In the optimization, the aerodynamic parameter database and the identification results of the existing methods are used as the prior knowledge. The initial value of the unmeasured data is fitted as the reference value. Then, the feasible sample selection method is designed. Finally, the differential evolution algorithm is used to solve the problem. The proposed method is used to process 264 pieces of test data, and the results show that compared with the existing aerodynamic parameter identification methods, the proposed identification method can obtain all aerodynamic parameters with higher accuracy and can inversely calculate and obtain unmeasured flight test data practical engineering significance.