Global Sex Differences in Stress-Induced Activation of Cerebral Metabolism Revealed by 2-Deoxyglucose Autoradiography

Brown, Lucy L.; Siegel, Heidi E.; Etgen, Anne M.

doi:10.1006/hbeh.1996.0064

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…The difference was magnified by previous exposure to peri-pubertal stress. These results are consistent with previous studies comparing 2DG uptake or c-fos expression in adult male vs. female rats exposed to acute physical stress (Brown, Siegel, & Etgen, 1996;Ceccarelli, Scaramuzzino, & Aloisi, 1999).…”

Section: Sex-related Differences In Brain Metabolic Activation Duringsupporting

confidence: 93%

Stress during puberty boosts metabolic activation associated with fear-extinction learning in hippocampus, basal amygdala and cingulate cortex

Toledo-Rodriguez

Paus

Sandi

2012

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory

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a b s t r a c tAdolescence is characterized by major developmental changes that may render the individual vulnerable to stress and the development of psychopathologies in a sex-specific manner. Earlier we reported lower anxiety-like behavior and higher risk-taking and novelty seeking in rats previously exposed to peripubertal stress. Here we studied whether peri-pubertal stress affected the acquisition and extinction of fear memories and/or the associated functional engagement of various brain regions, as assessed with 2-deoxyglucose. We showed that while peri-pubertal stress reduced freezing during the acquisition of fear memories (training) in both sexes, it had a sex-specific effect on extinction of these memories. Moreover hippocampus, basal amygdala and cingulate and motor cortices showed higher metabolic rates during extinction in rats exposed to peri-pubertal stress. Interestingly, activation of the infralimbic cortex was negatively correlated with freezing during extinction only in control males, while only males stressed during puberty showed a significant correlation between behavior during extinction and metabolic activation of hippocampus, amygdala and paraventricular nucleus. No correlations between brain activation and behavior during extinction were observed in females (control or stress). These results indicate that exposure to peri-pubertal stress affects behavior and brain metabolism when the individual is exposed to an additional stressful challenge. Some of these effects are sex-specific.

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Section: Sex-related Differences In Brain Metabolic Activation Duringsupporting

confidence: 93%

Stress during puberty boosts metabolic activation associated with fear-extinction learning in hippocampus, basal amygdala and cingulate cortex

Toledo-Rodriguez

Paus

Sandi

2012

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory

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“…Thus, the MPOA has access to the PVN both directly and indirectly through connections to the BNST and amygdala. Further, there are numerous sex differences in the MPOA, including differences in androgen and estrogen receptor levels (Yokosuka et al, 1997;McAbee and DonCarlos, 1998), sexually differentiated control of aromatase activity by testosterone (Roselli and Resko, 1997;Roselli and Klosterman, 1998), sex-specific patterns of glucose utilization in response to different stressors (Brown et al, 1996), any of which may account for some of the sex differences observed in the present study. However, other brain areas, notably the BNST (McCormick and Miller, 2000;Viau et al, 2001) and hippocampus (Patchev and Almeida, 1998), are also likely sites of action for sex hormonal control of HPA function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Peripheral and Central Sex Steroids Have Differential Effects on the HPA Axis of Male and Female Rats

McCormick

Linkroum

Sallinen

et al. 2002

Stress

137

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Sex differences in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) function were examined in gonadectomized male and female rats given equivalent sex hormone replacement regimens either using subcutaneous silastic implants (Experiment 1) or cannula implants in the medial preoptic area (MPOA) (Experiment 2) containing either dihydrotestosterone (DHT), testosterone propionate (TP), estradiol benzoate (EB), or left empty (control). Plasma was obtained before and after 20 min of restraint stress to determine plasma ACTH, corticosterone, and CBG levels as measures of HPA function. Consistent with the literature, androgens decreased, and estrogen increased these measures of HPA function, although peripheral implants were more effective than MPOA implants. Gonadectomy and sex hormone treatment did not eliminate sex differences; overall, females had higher levels than males on measures of HPA function. Analyses of variance (ANOVA) indicated interactions of sex and sex hormone treatment on CBG levels and post-stress corticosterone levels in Expt. 1. The results suggest that sexual dimorphisms influence HPA function even when males and females are given equivalent physiological doses of gonadal steroids, and that the relevant sexual dimorphisms involve both the periphery and the CNS.

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“…The lateral habenula encodes both active and passive avoidance behavior associated with negative reward [40], and a sex difference has been observed in this region [41–43]. In addition, the lateral habenula shows a high expression of the estrogen receptor [43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in avoidance behavior after perceiving potential risk in mice

et al. 2017

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BackgroundSex has been considered as a potential factor regulating individual behaviors in different contexts. Recently, findings on sex differences in the neuroendocrine circuit have expanded due to exact measurements and control of neuronal activity, while findings on sex differences in behavioral phenotypes are limited. One efficient way to determine the miscellaneous aspects of a sexually different behavior is to segment it into a set of simpler responses induced by discrete scenes.MethodsIn the present study, we conducted a battery of behavioral tests within a variety of unique risky scenes, to determine where and how sex differences arise in responses under those scenes.ResultsA significant sex difference was observed in the avoidance responses measured in the two-way active and the passive avoidance tests. The phenotype observed was higher mobility in male mice and reduced mobility in female mice, and required associative learning between an escapable risk and its predictive cue. This was limited in other scenes where escapable risk or predictive cue or both were missing.ConclusionsTaken together, the present study found that the primary sex difference occurs in mobility in the avoidance response after perceiving escapable risks.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12993-017-0126-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Global Sex Differences in Stress-Induced Activation of Cerebral Metabolism Revealed by 2-Deoxyglucose Autoradiography

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Stress during puberty boosts metabolic activation associated with fear-extinction learning in hippocampus, basal amygdala and cingulate cortex

Stress during puberty boosts metabolic activation associated with fear-extinction learning in hippocampus, basal amygdala and cingulate cortex

Peripheral and Central Sex Steroids Have Differential Effects on the HPA Axis of Male and Female Rats

Sex differences in avoidance behavior after perceiving potential risk in mice

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