2013
DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2013.08.040
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Global solar electric potential: A review of their technical and sustainable limits

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Cited by 117 publications
(102 citation statements)
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“…This loss does not preclude the use of this technology, but it does force the solar field installation to be 10% larger than it would be without the long-distance connections. De Castro et al (2013) argue that CSP deployment may be limited by the use of silver in mirrors (30×10 3 t per kWe). Given that present reserves of silver are 520000 t, to produce 8 TWe with CSP in deserts would require roughly 46% of the reserves, which may strongly perturb the market and future availability of silver.…”
Section: Global Solar Potentialmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…This loss does not preclude the use of this technology, but it does force the solar field installation to be 10% larger than it would be without the long-distance connections. De Castro et al (2013) argue that CSP deployment may be limited by the use of silver in mirrors (30×10 3 t per kWe). Given that present reserves of silver are 520000 t, to produce 8 TWe with CSP in deserts would require roughly 46% of the reserves, which may strongly perturb the market and future availability of silver.…”
Section: Global Solar Potentialmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The latter study estimates that up to 1 TW of PV power could be installed in urban regions without perturbing land use; this is 8% of global power (12 TW), which we take to be feasible. To achieve this, 12.5% of world urban surface area would have to be used for PV panels, requiring an increase Castro et al 2013). This surface would be similar to the one used for populated area (Schneider et al 2009), 276000 km 2 , but is three orders of magnitude smaller than the continental surface area.…”
Section: Photovoltaic Potentialmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These sources use natural resources such as wind, water, solar radiation and heat as the operating principle for its generation. Hence, the applications of renewable energy sources are quite diverse and have been sought by several users [9,13,33]. The basic photovoltaic unit is called a solar cell, which together in groups form the photovoltaic panels, interconnected elements that compose the electric generator of a photovoltaic installation.…”
Section: Photovoltaic Energymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The incidence of this radiation on the photovoltaic modules cause the photovoltaic effect, which is the operating basis of solar photovoltaic systems. From this transformation of solar radiation into electrical energy, a potential difference arises, which is an electrical voltage [6,9]. Solar radiation suffers the influence of atmospheric air, clouds and pollution before reaching the ground.…”
Section: Photovoltaic Energymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Some authors quantify this ratio as energy return on investment (EROI) (Cleveland et al 1984), and ranges from 100:1 of first oil explorations to Nevertheless renewable energies suffer from low density, as in the case of PV, which establishes a limit per area (de Castro et al 2013) and are usually intermittent, which is reflected in expected lower values of EROI if storage is considered.…”
Section: Energy Return On Investmentmentioning
confidence: 99%