Global thermal spring distribution and relationship to endogenous and exogenous factors

Tamburello, Giancarlo; Chiodini, Giovanni; Ciotoli, Giancarlo; Procesi, M.; Rouwet, Dmitri; Sandri, Laura; Carbonara, N.; Masciantonio, C.

doi:10.1038/s41467-022-34115-w

Cited by 20 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The measured and predicted carbon fluxes of a total of 269 hot springs were interpolated through inverse distance weighting method, and a carbon flux grid value of 0.1° × 0.1° was adopted to reflect the average carbon fluxes of 200 hot springs within each grid cell (the estimated hot spring density is 0.15 ∼ 0.25/km 2 in the Tibetan Plateau; Tamburello et al., 2022). The carbon flux distribution characteristics of the interpolation results are shown in Figure 7c, the feature shows that the carbon flux value is relatively low in the southern Tibetan, while the high value in the middle part is due to the lack of data constraints.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic and Inorganic Carbon Sinks Reduce Long‐Term Deep Carbon Emissions in the Continental Collision Margin of the Southern Tibetan Plateau: Implications for Cenozoic Climate Cooling

Wang,

Quan,

Tang

et al. 2024

JGR Solid Earth

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This paper aims to update our understanding of the carbon cycle in the Himalayas, the most intense collisional orogeny globally, by providing new insight into its impact on Cenozoic climate cooling through the use of isotopic variations in both organic and inorganic carbon and an isotopic mass balance model. Our results from 20 selected hot springs show that the relative contributions of dissolved carbon from the mantle, metamorphic decarbonization, aqueous dissolution, and soil organic matter are approximately 2%, 82%, 6%, and 10%, respectively. Approximately 87% ± 5% of CO2 generated in the deep crust precipitates as calcite, while approximately 5.5% ± 1% of this carbon is converted to biomass through microbial chemosynthesis at depths less than 2 km. Our random forests approach yielded a metamorphic carbon flux from the entire Himalayan orogenic belt of approximately 2.7 ∼ 4.5 × 1012 mol/yr. The minor CO2 released into the atmosphere (2.5 ∼ 4.2 × 1011 mol/yr) is comparable to the carbon consumption driven by Himalayan weathering. This paper provides new insights into deep carbon cycling, notably that approximately 93% of deeply sourced carbon is trapped in the shallow crust, rendering orogenic processes carbon neutral and possibly acting as one of the major triggers of long‐term climate cooling in the Cenozoic.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic and Inorganic Carbon Sinks Reduce Long‐Term Deep Carbon Emissions in the Continental Collision Margin of the Southern Tibetan Plateau: Implications for Cenozoic Climate Cooling

Wang,

Quan,

Tang

et al. 2024

JGR Solid Earth

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“…Wang and Manga (2015) and Sato et al (2020) reported detailed descriptions of the opening or re-opening phases of ephemeral or permanent warm water springs related to significant local seismic events. According to Tamburello et al (2022) thermal springs belonging to hydrothermal circuits are chiefly located in extensional faulted areas characterized by the occurrence of earthquakes above magnitude 4. Faults are characterized, among other parameters, by a length and by a width usually obtained by aftershock distribution (Wells and Coppersmith, 1994).…”

Section: Thermal Springs Geodynamic and Seismicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Geofluids as a possible unconventional tool for seismic hazard assessment

Martinelli,

Pierotti,

Facca

et al. 2023

Front. Earth Sci.

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In recent decades, phenomenological methods known as Recognition of Earthquake-Prone Areas (REPA) were set up for identifying potential sites of powerful earthquakes. The information on potential earthquake sources provided by the REPA method is an essential part of seismic hazard assessment methodology. For the first time, we have combined global-scale information on the geographic occurrence of geofluids with global-scale information on earthquake occurrence, heat flow distribution, and S-wave dispersion, to gain insights into the evolution of local stress-strain fields. We focused on areas characterized by the occurrence of thermal waters and/or by the release of deep-seated gases, as traced by the isotope composition of associated helium. We noticed that the geographic distribution of these geofluids could serve as an indirect indicator of crustal permeability anomalies generated by crustal deformation procedures. This study proposes adding geofluids to the list of fundamental geological parameters to be considered in hazard assessment research.

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“…Several studies have reported large scale biogeographic patterns for microbial distribution in terrestrial 7,8 and marine 9,10 microbial ecosystems, although resolving direct evidence for the evolutionary drivers responsible remains a challenge in part due to the biocomplexity of these systems 11 . Hot springs present a potentially useful model system against which to test hypotheses in microbial biogeography, and in particular the neutral-alkaline hot springs that are widely distributed globally in tectonic landscapes 12,13 . This is because they comprise spatially well constrained habitats with readily de ned major abiotic variables, their biotic component is dominated by epilithic photosynthetic microbial bio lms of relatively limited taxonomic and trophic biocomplexity 14,15 , and minimal interaction with metazoans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogeography of hot spring photosynthetic microbial biofilms in Southeast Asia

Pointing,

George,

Kortheerakul

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Hot springs are tractable model systems in microbial ecology for investigating the interactions of photosynthetic microbial biofilms. This is because they occur across broad geographic scales, possess readily identified major abiotic variables, and are subject to minimal influence from metazoans. Despite this regional scale investigations are lacking, and major questions persist concerning the evolutionary drivers responsible for biofilm turnover at broad geographic scales. Here, we present the largest study to date, incorporating concurrent measurement of biotic and abiotic diversity and rigorous statistical analysis and modelling. We characterized 395 biofilms from neutral-alkaline hot springs spanning a 2,100km latitudinal gradient in Southeast Asia. The data clearly resolved six biogeographic regions with each defined by a core microbiome comprising specific cyanobacteria and other diverse photosynthetic, chemoheterotrophic, and chemoautotrophic taxa. Our findings demonstrated that the most influential abiotic variables (pH, conductivity, carbonate) accounted for relatively little of the observed variation in biofilm communities, and that extensive biotic interactions spanned multiple trophic levels. Importantly, we present quantitative evidence that stochasticity due to ecological drift was the most important evolutionary driver of spatial turnover at a regional scale. These insights establish a pivotal milestone in understanding of this model system, fostering enhanced testing and comparison with more intricate microbial ecosystems.

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Global thermal spring distribution and relationship to endogenous and exogenous factors

Cited by 20 publications

References 46 publications

Organic and Inorganic Carbon Sinks Reduce Long‐Term Deep Carbon Emissions in the Continental Collision Margin of the Southern Tibetan Plateau: Implications for Cenozoic Climate Cooling

Organic and Inorganic Carbon Sinks Reduce Long‐Term Deep Carbon Emissions in the Continental Collision Margin of the Southern Tibetan Plateau: Implications for Cenozoic Climate Cooling

Geofluids as a possible unconventional tool for seismic hazard assessment

Biogeography of hot spring photosynthetic microbial biofilms in Southeast Asia

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