Global Trends in Climate Suitability of Bees: Ups and Downs in a Warming World

Rahimi, Ehsan; Jung, Chuleui

doi:10.3390/insects15020127

Cited by 13 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 61 publications

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“…Moreover, if climatic tolerances are conserved, species should shift their geographic ranges in the face of global warming to track their ancestral climatic regime. Specifically, they would be expected to move poleward in latitude and upward in elevation (Rahimi & Jung, 2024 ); species that are unable to adapt or cannot shift their geographic ranges (e.g., due to habitat destruction or geographic constraints) may be at risk of extinction (Hellmann et al., 2008 ). Similarly, if NC in climatic tolerance determines the range limits of species, then we should expect to see consistent parallels between their climatic distribution in their native and introduced ranges (Wiens & Graham, 2005 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

G‐space versus E‐space: Are hornets (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) at equilibrium with honeybees in Asia?

Rahimi,

Jung

2024

Ecology and Evolution

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This study delves into the concept of niche conservatism (NC) and its implications for how hornets (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) and honeybees respond to climate change. Our primary objectives are threefold: firstly, to assess whether distinct environmental niche spaces (E‐space) exist between 12 hornets and honeybees like Apis cerana and Apis mellifera in Asia; Secondly, to explore the degree to which Asian hornets have attained geographic equilibrium alongside honeybee species. Lastly, is to investigate how the geographic niche overlap (G‐space) between hornets and honeybees could potentially change under climate change scenarios. To accomplish these goals, we employed ordination and ecological niche modeling techniques to analyze 91 pairs of hornets and honeybees in both geographic (G‐space) and environmental (E‐space) contexts. Then, we projected the potential impacts of climate change on the future geographic overlap between hornets and honeybees, specifically under the SSP585 climate scenario for the year 2070. Our results demonstrated that the environmental niches (E‐space) of hornets and honeybees can be treated as interchangeable, indicating they have similar environmental preferences despite being unrelated taxa. We found that Vespa velutina currently exhibits a moderate geographic niche overlap (G‐space) of 0.63 with both honeybee species. Meanwhile, Vespa mandarinia demonstrates an overlap of 0.46 with Apis cerana and 0.63 with Apis mellifera. The overlap of Vespa velutina with Apis cerana might potentially decrease to 0.51 and 0.56 with Apis mellifera. For Vespa mandarinia, the overlap could reach 0.41 with Apis cerana and 0.6 with Apis mellifera under a climate change scenario. This study indicates that the limited spatial overlap between honeybees and hornets across certain areas in Asia is more likely influenced by geographical barriers rather than solely environmental unsuitability for hornets. In this study, we delve into the concept of niche conservatism (NC) and its implications for how hornets (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) and honeybees respond to climate change.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

G‐space versus E‐space: Are hornets (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) at equilibrium with honeybees in Asia?

Rahimi,

Jung

2024

Ecology and Evolution

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Spatial Overlap Between Bees and Pollinator‐Dependent Crops in Europe and North America

Rahimi,

Jung

2024

J of Sust Agri & Env

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Pollination is a crucial service provided by ecosystems, playing a critical role in global food production within agricultural landscapes. The successful pollination of crops by insects requires the spatial coexistence of these two entities. However, an assessment of the spatial overlap between pollinating insects and crops that depend on pollinators has not been conducted in, Europe and North America. To address this challenge, we employed species distribution models (SDMs) to generate distribution maps for 394 bee species in Europe and 697 in North America, along with maps for 41 pollinator‐dependent crops. Using Schoener's D statistics and a binary approach, we calculated the spatial overlap between crops and bees. Notably, there was a significant disparity in the overlap patterns between bees and crops in Europe and North America, with Europe exhibiting a higher degree of overlap compared to North America. Specifically, in Europe, the mean overlap based on Schoener's D for all crops was 0.55, while based on the binary approach, this overlap increased to 17.5%. In North America, the mean overlap based on Schoener's D was 0.35 for all crops and the binary overlap indicated a mean overlap of 9.4%. Our findings also pinpointed hotspots for bees, primarily situated in the western regions of Europe and both the western and eastern regions of the United States in North America. It is crucial to note that spatial overlap between plants and pollinators is just one facet of the conditions necessary for species interaction and does not directly imply actual pollination. Nevertheless, this study provides a comprehensive perspective on the potential spatial mismatch between crops and bees.

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A global evaluation of urban agriculture potential for pollinator‐dependent crops in major cities

Rahimi,

Jung

2024

Urban Agric & Regnl Food Sys

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Recent research is increasingly focusing on the significance of urban gardens, urban agriculture, and rooftop agriculture as viable solutions to address food security issues. The crops cultivated in these urban settings play a crucial role in promoting urban sustainability. However, a considerable number of these crops rely on pollinators, making them key contributors to global food security, especially concerning micronutrient content. Therefore, a pivotal step in the urban planning process for local food production involves estimating the potential and available area for urban agriculture. In this study, we employed species distribution models (SDMs) to globally assess major cities' suitability for urban agriculture. Through the creation of habitat suitability maps for 61 pollinator‐dependent crops using SDMs, we evaluated the potential of 1143 major cities worldwide to cultivate each of these crops. Our findings reveal that nearly half of the examined cities (570) can support 0–10 crops, with approximately 30% (353 cities) able to sustain 11–20 crops. Around 14.5% of the cities are deemed suitable for supporting 21–30 crops. However, only about 4.5% of cities can accommodate between 31 and 40 crops. Across all 1143 cities studied, it was determined that each city, on average, has the potential to support 12.5 crops. This represents approximately 20% of the total percentage of pollinator‐dependent crops (61 crops) considered in this comprehensive analysis. While our research offers valuable insights into the potential of urban agriculture, researchers and urban planners must approach these findings with caution, particularly when extrapolating to regions with limited crop occurrence data. Additionally, we underscore the significance of understanding the distribution patterns of pollinators, especially bees, in urban environments. Relying solely on climatic variables to assess crop suitability in urban areas may be restrictive, considering the vital role of pollinators in crop production.

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Global Trends in Climate Suitability of Bees: Ups and Downs in a Warming World

Cited by 13 publications

References 61 publications

G‐space versus E‐space: Are hornets (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) at equilibrium with honeybees in Asia?

G‐space versus E‐space: Are hornets (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) at equilibrium with honeybees in Asia?

Spatial Overlap Between Bees and Pollinator‐Dependent Crops in Europe and North America

A global evaluation of urban agriculture potential for pollinator‐dependent crops in major cities

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