Global variation in diurnal asymmetry in temperature, cloud cover, specific humidity and precipitation and its association with leaf area index

Abstract

The impacts of the changing climate on the biological world vary across latitudes, habitats and spatial scales. By contrast, the time of day at which these changes are occurring has received relatively little attention. As biologically significant organismal activities often occur at particular times of day, any asymmetry in the rate of change S U PP O RTI N G I N FO R M ATI O N Additional supporting information may be found online in the Supporting Information section. How to cite this article: Cox DTC, Maclean IMD, Gardner AS, Gaston KJ. Global variation in diurnal asymmetry in temperature, cloud cover, specific humidity and precipitation and its association with leaf area index. Glob Change Biol.

Diel niche variation in mammals associated with expanded trait space

“…Obligate diurnal mammals are particularly prone to climate warming, with diurnal habitat space predicted to be lost under all warming scenarios 26 . This effect is compounded by asymmetric warming across the diel cycle over much of the land’s surface 48 . In regions where the daytime has warmed more, there has been a trend of greater overall warming and a drying of the climate 48 making diurnal species increasingly vulnerable to heat exhaustion and water loss 49 .…”

“…This effect is compounded by asymmetric warming across the diel cycle over much of the land’s surface 48 . In regions where the daytime has warmed more, there has been a trend of greater overall warming and a drying of the climate 48 making diurnal species increasingly vulnerable to heat exhaustion and water loss 49 . Conversely, greater nighttime warming has been found to be twice as common as daytime warming 48 .…”

“…In regions where the daytime has warmed more, there has been a trend of greater overall warming and a drying of the climate 48 making diurnal species increasingly vulnerable to heat exhaustion and water loss 49 . Conversely, greater nighttime warming has been found to be twice as common as daytime warming 48 . In some regions, such as at higher latitudes where cold nighttime temperatures limit activity, this may allow nocturnal mammals to gain habitable space unless they have low body mass or high thermal conductance 26 .…”

High night temperature effects on wheat and rice: Current status and way forward

“…Experimentally, higher night temperatures inhibit growth and development, ultimately leading to lower grain yield and quality in field crops including rice (Bahuguna, Solis, Shi, & Jagadish, 2017; Coast, Sebela, Quinones, & Jagadish, 2020; Shi et al, 2013), wheat (Garcia, Dreccer, Miralles, & Serrago, 2015; Garcia, Serrago, Dreccer, & Miralles, 2016; Hein et al, 2019; Impa et al, 2019, 2020; Prasad, Pispati, Ristic, Bukovnik, & Fritz, 2008), barley (Garcia et al, 2015, 2016) and maize ( Zea mays L.; Y. Wang et al, 2019). Because of the asymmetry in warming, increasing maximum day temperatures leading to short episodes of heat spikes could impact crop yields differently across locations (Gourdji, Sibley, & Lobell, 2013), while increasing minimum night temperature could impact wider geographic regions with sustained warming for longer time frames (Cox, Maclean, Gardner, & Gaston, 2020). This sustained increase will impose stressful conditions across different growth and developmental stages or possibly throughout the crop growing season (Jagadish, Murty, & Quick, 2015).…”

Warm nights disrupt transcriptome rhythms in field-grown rice panicles

“…Nighttime warming is occurring globally over all land areas. While the asymmetry of warming temperatures is not globally consistent, more land areas experience greater nighttime warming than greater daytime warming (7). In contrast to the short heat-spikes predicted with increasing day temperatures, warmer nighttime temperatures (WNT) are expected to have a longer duration, impacting important growth and developmental phases of crops (8).…”