Global Warming has Increased the Distance Traveled by Marine Heatwaves

He, Yongli; Zhang, Boyuan; Xia, Zihan; Wang, Shanshan; Guan, Xiaodan

doi:10.1029/2022gl102032

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 47 publications

(73 reference statements)

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“…1), indicating a significant decrease in blocking over the North Atlantic and Western Europe. This suggests that the signal has not had sufficient time to propagate, either directly through advection or indirectly via jet stream resonance He et al, 2023), to the other oceanic basin. An overall reduction of 4.22% in Northern Hemisphere blocking frequency for this period was observed, as detailed in Table 1.…”

Section: Resolution All Datesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gulf Stream Moisture Fluxes Impact Atmospheric Blocks Throughout the Northern Hemisphere

Mathews,

Czaja,

Vitart

et al. 2024

Preprint

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In this study, we explore the impact of oceanic moisture fluxes on atmospheric blocks using the ECMWF Integrated Forecast System. Artificially suppressing surface latent heat flux over the Gulf Stream region leads to a significant reduction (up to 30%) in atmospheric blocking frequency across the northern hemisphere. Affected blocks show a shorter lifespan (-6%), smaller spatial extent (-12%), and reduced intensity (-0.4%), with an increased detection rate (+17%). These findings are robust across various blocking detection thresholds. Analysis indicates a resolution-dependent response, with resolutions lower than Tco639 (~18km) showing no significant change in some blocking characteristics, even with reduced blocking frequency. Exploring the broader Rossby wave pattern, we observe that diminished moisture flux favours eastward propagation and higher zonal wavenumbers, while air-sea interactions promotes stationary and westward-propagating waves with zonal wavenumber 3. This study underscores the critical role of western boundary current’s moisture fluxes in modulating atmospheric blocking.

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Section: Resolution All Datesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gulf Stream Moisture Fluxes Impact Atmospheric Blocks Throughout the Northern Hemisphere

Mathews,

Czaja,

Vitart

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Record-breaking persistence of the 2022/23 marine heatwave in the Mediterranean Sea

Marullo,

Serva,

Iacono

et al. 2023

Environ. Res. Lett.

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Since May 2022, the Mediterranean Sea has been experiencing an exceptionallylong marine heatwave event.Warm anomalies, mainly occurring in the Western basin, have persisted untilboreal spring 2023, making this event the longest Mediterranean marine heat wave ofthe last four decades.In this work, the 2022/2023 anomaly is characterized, using in-situ andsatellite measurements, together with state of the art reanalysis products.The role of atmospheric forcing is also investigated; the onset and growth ofsea surface temperature anomalies is found to be related to the prevalence ofanticyclonic conditions in the atmosphere, which have also caused severe droughtsin the Mediterranean region over the same period.Analysis of in-situ observations from the Lampedusa station and of ocean reanalysesreveals that wind-driven vertical mixing led to the penetration of the warmanomalies below the sea surface, where they have persisted for several months,particularly in the central part of the basin.The evolution of the 2022/23 event is compared with the severe 2003 event,to put recent conditions in the context of climate change.

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Understanding bottom and surface marine heatwaves along the continental shelf of China

Cao,

Li,

et al. 2024

Environ. Res. Lett.

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Marine heatwaves (MHWs) have become longer and more frequent over the past century under anthropogenic climate change, with devastating impacts on marine ecosystems. Surface MHWs (SMHWs) and their drivers have been extensively studied using satellite sea surface temperature data, yet the mechanism and characteristics of subsurface MHWs, especially bottom MHWs (BMHWs) along continental shelves, remain unclear. Based on a high-resolution ocean reanalysis dataset, we compare SMHWs and BMHWs along the continental shelf of China and find that BMHWs are typically longer (0–16 d) and more intense (0 °C–50 °C days) than SMHWs. The categorizing of both the BMHW and SMHW shows that moderate and strong events commonly occur in most areas with relatively large spatial coverage, whereas severe and extreme events occur with relatively small spatial coverage. There is a clear negative relationship between the BMHW intensity and ocean depth along the continental shelf, while the BMHW annual days and ocean depth are positively correlated in the Bohai and East China Seas. Generally, BMHWs and SMHWs occur more frequently in shallow coastal regions where the mixed layer depth is more likely to extend to the seafloor, resulting in high BMHW and SMHW synchrony. In addition to spatial coherence, there is a good temporal correspondence between BMHWs and SMHWs across the continental shelf of China from 1993 to 2020.

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Global Warming has Increased the Distance Traveled by Marine Heatwaves

Abstract: A phenomenon known as marine heatwave (MHW), characterized by a prolonged period of excessive warmth, has devastating impacts on the biodiversity loss of marine species (

Cited by 3 publications

References 47 publications

Gulf Stream Moisture Fluxes Impact Atmospheric Blocks Throughout the Northern Hemisphere

Gulf Stream Moisture Fluxes Impact Atmospheric Blocks Throughout the Northern Hemisphere

Record-breaking persistence of the 2022/23 marine heatwave in the Mediterranean Sea

Understanding bottom and surface marine heatwaves along the continental shelf of China

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