Global Water Quality, Supply and Demand: Implications for Megacities

Ricci, Paolo F.; Ragaini, R.C.; Goldstein, Robert A.; Smith, William R.

doi:10.1142/9789812797001_0052

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Urbanization and demographics will again affect the equilibrium between water supply and demand. The critical point will the economic capacity to again set-up new infrastructures and to find a new economic model for water supply [51].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of rainfall on drinking water quality in Antananarivo, Madagascar

Bastaraud

Perthame

Rakotondramanga

et al. 2019

Preprint

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21Low-income cities that are subject to high population pressure and vulnerable to 22 climate events often have a low capacity to continuously deliver safe drinking water. Here 23 we report the findings of a 32-year investigation of the temporal dynamics of indicators of 24 drinking water quality in the city of Antananarivo, where we assess the long-term evolution 25 of supplied water quality and characterize the interactions between climate conditions and 26 the full-scale supply system. A total of 25,467 water samples were collected every week 27 at different points in the supplied drinking water system. Samples were analyzed for total 28 coliforms (TC), Escherichia coli (EC), intestinal Enterococci (IE), and spores of Clostridia 29(SSRC). Nine-hundred-eighty-one samples that were identified as positive for one or more 30 indicators were unevenly distributed across the series. The breakpoint method identified 31 four periods when the time series displayed changes in the level and profile of 32 contamination (i) and the monthly pattern of contamination (ii), with more direct effects of 33 rainfall on the quality of supplied drinking water. The modeling showed significantly 34 different lags among indicators of bacteria occurrence after cumulative rainfall, which 35 range from 4 to 8 weeks. Among the effects of low-income urbanization, a rapid 36 demographic transition and urban watershed degradation are progressively affecting the 37 quality of supplied water and resulting in the more direct effects of rainfall events. of 3438 Introduction 39A poor capacity to provide safe drinking water, regardless of weather conditions, is of 40 growing concern in low-income areas vulnerable to climate change [1,2]. Indeed, under 41 global forecasts, some parts of the globe will experience increased frequency and intensity 42 of rainfall [3] with increasing difficulties to limit storm impacts, such as flooding or increased 43 run-off [4,5]. These events are associated with elevated turbidity [6-8] and dissolved 44 organic matter in water sources [9], which can overwhelm treatment plans [10]. Indeed, 45 extreme rainfall regimes are likely to be associated with drinking water contaminations 46 [6,10], and this is predicted to be worsened by climate change [11]. Contaminated water is 47 the main factor of diarrhea in children, and it is evident that an integrated approach to 48 improving water supply will have an impact on the health of the population [12]. 49However, the relationship between rainfall patterns and water microbial quality is 50 complex, involving an interplay between the type of water supply, the type of water source, 51 and the treatment technology applied to water [13]. Also, susceptibility to climate change 52 is reinforced by rapid and unplanned urbanization, poor sanitation, erosion, and low level 53 of maintenance of the supply network [14]. Thus, the nature and the depth of the link 54 between rainfall and water quality is not expected to be stationary. Rather, these should 55 vary with the infrastructure a...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of rainfall on drinking water quality in Antananarivo, Madagascar

Bastaraud

Perthame

Rakotondramanga

et al. 2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Water supply distribution services majorly accommodates the megacity center where industries and rich residential areas are located. Slums in fringes are served only by communal faucets or limited water line connections (Ricci, et;.…”

Section: Megacities' Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Leaking pipes and other outdated facilities should be replaced in order to save water supply. Water line connections should be improved in order to provide a wider distribution of water supply especially towards the suburbs and slum areas (Ricci, et. al.…”

Section: Megacities' Trends and Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The IAFOR International Conference on Arts & Humanities – Hawaii 2023 Official Conference Proceedings

2023

IICAH Official Conference Proceedings

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The article explores the role of integrative public policy on delivering sustainable development by assessing the performance of public mega projects. Research methods use a literature review analysis on previous articles, policy and country briefs, and theory to discuss integrative public policy in a sustainable development context. The article engages in a case study analysis on Egypt's Decent Life (Hayah Karima) Initiative launched in 2019 to improve the standard of living for the neediest social groups, villages in specific; the objective is to compare how and why the evaluation of public policy could be embedded within country mega projects to sustain development. The article proposes answers to the following research questions: How is integrative public policy translated through country mega projects to support sustainable development? How could policymakers ensure sustainability mobility in mega projects, considering Decent Life, as an example? What indicators are used to measure the effectiveness of public policy on embedding sustainable development in mega projects? The hypothesis emphasises that mega project performance is dependent upon integrative public policy, collective affective conditions, and sustainable development mobilisation techniques. Findings propose a set of indicators, assessment tools, and a strategic management criterion, to evaluate how effective the Decent Life initiative is and to consider it a reflection of Egyptian public policy on sustainable development. Lessons learned are extracted from Egypt's experience.

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“…Urbanization and demographics can again affect the balance between water supply and demand. The critical point will be the economic capacity to again upgrade infrastructures and to find a new economic model for water supply [51].…”

Section: Water Supply and Demand Issues: Signal Of Imbalancementioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of rainfall on drinking water quality in Antananarivo, Madagascar

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Low-income cities that are subject to high population pressure and vulnerable to climate events often have a low capacity to continuously deliver safe drinking water. Here we reported the results of a 32-year survey on the temporal dynamics of drinking water quality indicators in the city of Antananarivo. We analyzed the long-term evolution of the quality of the water supplied and characterized the interactions between climatic conditions and the full-scale water supply system. A total of 25,467 water samples were collected every week at different points in the supplied drinking water system. Samples were analyzed for total coliforms (TC), Escherichia coli (EC), intestinal Enterococci (IE), and Spores of Sulphite-Reducing Clostridia (SSRC). Nine-hundred-eighty-one samples that were identified as positive for one or more indicators were unevenly distributed over time. The breakpoint method identified four periods when the time series displayed changes in the level and profile of contamination (i) and the monthly pattern of contamination (ii), with more direct effects of rainfall on the quality of supplied drinking water. The modeling showed significantly different lags among indicators of bacteria occurrence after cumulative rainfall, which range from 4 to 8 weeks. Among the effects of low-income urbanization, a rapid demographic transition and the degradation of urban watersheds have gradually affected the quality of the water supplied and resulted in the more direct effects of rainfall events. We focused on the need to adopt an alternative perspective of drinking water and urban watersheds management.

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Global Water Quality, Supply and Demand: Implications for Megacities

Cited by 3 publications

References 4 publications

The impact of rainfall on drinking water quality in Antananarivo, Madagascar

The impact of rainfall on drinking water quality in Antananarivo, Madagascar

The IAFOR International Conference on Arts & Humanities – Hawaii 2023 Official Conference Proceedings

The impact of rainfall on drinking water quality in Antananarivo, Madagascar

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