GLOBE students, teachers, and scientists demonstrate variable differences between urban and rural leaf phenology

Gazal, Rico; White, Michael A.; Gillies, Robert R.; Rodemaker, Eli J.; Sparrow, E. B.; Gordon, Leslie

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01602.x

Cited by 57 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…The influence of humidity on the other phases and species, however, was not that marked. The only other study comparing urban and rural phenology of tropical tree species also identified the potential importance of humidity (Gazal et al, 2008). Leafing phenology of tropical trees under a seasonal climate is driven mostly by precipitation and also by non-climatic parameters such as leaf longevity, water stress and increasing day length (Morellato et al, 2000;Borchert et al, 2005;Staggemeier and Morellato, 2011).…”

Section: Air Temperature Humidity and The Phenology Of Trees In Urbamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We only found significant UHI-related differences for Tipuana in Campinas, whereas almost all phenophases of Tabebuia and all of Caesalpinia had small positive urban-rural differences (albeit not significant) that indicated an earlier onset in the countryside. Gazal et al (2008) reported earlier bud burst dates only in the tropical city of Bangkok (−23 d), but not in Korat (+9 d) or Dakar (+9 d). In addition, bud burst was delayed with increasing land surface temperature, suggesting a low temperature sensitivity, or other influencing environmental variables (e.g.…”

Section: Urban-rural Differences In Phenologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, phenology in tropical trees is generally considered to be water or light limited (Morellato et al, 2000;Borchert et al, 2002;Singh and Kushwaha, 2005;Staggemeier and Morellato, 2011). There are suggestions that climate-driven models are not applicable for predicting plant phenology in the tropics (Borchert et al, 2005;Gazal et al, 2008) and that phenology in tropical biomes may fail to be a useful indicator of global warming (Borchert et al, 2005). Does this in turn also apply for the estimation of temperature distributions at the local scale?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, urban phenology studies in tropical cities are rare (e.g. Gazal et al, 2008) and absent in the neotropics. There is still a lack of understanding of how the phenology of tropical tree species is influenced by temperature, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Using phenology to assess urban heat islands in tropical and temperate regions

Jochner

Alves‐Eigenheer

Menzel

et al. 2013

Intl Journal of Climatology

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ABSTRACT:The study of urban phenology is relevant to assess the effects of heat islands and the potential impacts of climate change on plants. Temperature is the main factor regulating plant development in moist/temperate regions. However, plants in tropical cities may respond to additional environmental cues, such as air humidity. We examined whether differences in air temperature and humidity along an urban-rural gradient influenced phenological onset dates of trees in a temperate mid-latitude city (Munich, Germany) and a city in the neotropics (Campinas, Brazil). (Dis)similarities were identified incorporating equivalent study design based on identical methods for recording phenology and site-specific meteorological data. We found that phenological onset dates of silver birch (Betula pendula) were able to describe local temperature variations in Munich. Correlation coefficients between mean temperature and onset dates of Betula were significant and varied between r = −0.48 and r = −0.72. However, onset dates for yellow trumpet tree (Tabebuia chrysotricha), false Brazilwood (Caesalpinia pluviosa) and rosewood (Tipuana tipu) in Campinas were rather variable, and the magnitude and significance of correlation coefficients with temperature varied greatly among species/phenophases. Nevertheless, we detected significant correlations, especially between Tipuana phenophases and temperature and between leaf unfolding of Tabebuia and humidity. Our findings revealed that the phenology of Tipuana was sufficiently sensitive to detect urban heat island effects in Campinas and might be a useful indicator of temperature variations and, in turn, of global warming. Because Tipuana is widely used for urban arborization in South America, we foresee many applications for monitoring heat islands in the neotropics. Furthermore, the fact that most phenophases of Tabebuia were not responsive to temperature stressed the importance of humidity variables. Additional species and phenophases should be explored to identify the further potential of phenology for monitoring heat islands in tropical cities.

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Section: Air Temperature Humidity and The Phenology Of Trees In Urbamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Urban-rural Differences In Phenologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Using phenology to assess urban heat islands in tropical and temperate regions

Jochner

Alves‐Eigenheer

Menzel

et al. 2013

Intl Journal of Climatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…elevated CO 2 and N deposition) can also influence phenology (Cleland et al 2006). The recent establishment of the USA National Phenology Network (USA-NPN; https://www.usanpn.org/), 'citizen science' efforts such as ProjectBudBurst ( http://budburst.org/), and the GLOBE phenology project (Gazal et al 2008) all suggest a need for better documentation of biological responses to a changing world and highlight the importance of phenological monitoring to achieve this goal (Morisette et al 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological consideration for several methodologies to diagnose vegetation phenology

Lim

Jung

et al. 2018

Ecological Research

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A challenge of phenological research is to integrate remotely sensed observations obtained at different spatial and temporal scales to provide information that contains both a high temporal density and fine spatial scale observations. This study aims to improve the level of spatial detail and the temporal density required for efficient monitoring of vegetation phenology by applying two remote sensing techniques, MODIS and digital camera images. Based on the vegetation indices extracted from each measurement, we analyzed phenological changes of vegetation and deduced phenophases transition dates, such as start dates of green-up and senescence by applying different two methods, the rate of change of curvature, K and HMV. The start and end of the growing season of Mongolian oak expressed in ExG-DC, which were extracted from digital camera image, were agreed well with that of visual assessment. EVI among three vegetation indices (EVI, NDVI and ExG-MI) showed the high correlation with ExG-DC and visual assessment. Based on RMSE, the transition dates assessed by visual observation were agreed better with the dates, which were estimated based on curvature K than with the dates estimated from HMV in all vegetation indices. Sap flow time-series estimates for the phenological transition dates were closely accorded with the estimates derived from near-surface time-series, and coincided better with the dates estimated based on curvature K than that based on HMV. In conclusion, based on the result of this study, we suggest that it is effective to use EXG-DC obtained from digital camera and EVI from MODIS when these two instrument are integrated as the vegetation indices and that curvature K is an effective method for extracting the phenological event dates of vegetation.

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Urban heat island‐induced increases in evapotranspirative demand

Zipper

Schatz

Kucharik

et al. 2017

Geophysical Research Letters

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Although the importance of vegetation in mitigating the urban heat island (UHI) is known, the impacts of UHI‐induced changes in micrometeorological conditions on vegetation are not well understood. Here we show that plant water requirements are significantly higher in urban areas compared to rural areas surrounding Madison, WI, driven by increased air temperature with minimal effects of decreased air moisture content. Local increases in impervious cover are strongly associated with increased evapotranspirative demand in a consistent manner across years, with most increases caused by elevated temperatures during the growing season rather than changes in changes in growing season length. Potential evapotranspiration is up to 10% higher due to the UHI, potentially mitigating changes to the water and energy balances caused by urbanization. Our results indicate that local‐scale land cover decisions (increases in impervious cover) can significantly impact evapotranspirative demand, with likely implications for water and carbon cycling in urban ecosystems.

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GLOBE students, teachers, and scientists demonstrate variable differences between urban and rural leaf phenology

Cited by 57 publications

References 60 publications

Using phenology to assess urban heat islands in tropical and temperate regions

Using phenology to assess urban heat islands in tropical and temperate regions

Ecological consideration for several methodologies to diagnose vegetation phenology

Urban heat island‐induced increases in evapotranspirative demand

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