Glomerular formation in the developing rat olfactory bulb

Treloar, Helen B.; Purcell, Angela L.; Greer, Charles A.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(19991018)413:2<289::aid-cne9>3.0.co;2-u

Cited by 123 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Next, we quantified odorant receptor mRNAs during the perinatal period, during which olfactory bulbs in the process of forming the glomerular array contain a large number of in-growing and immature GAP43-positive sensory axons (Pomeroy et al, 1990;Treloar et al, 1999). We observed that the olfactory system is still highly immature at P4, as demonstrated by the GAP43 mRNA/ OMP mRNA ratio in the olfactory mucosa (1.06 Ϯ 0.05, as opposed to the 0.2 observed in the adult) (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for Developmentally Regulated Local Translation of Odorant Receptor mRNAs in the Axons of Olfactory Sensory Neurons

Dubacq¹,

Jamet²,

Trembleau³

2009

J. Neurosci.

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Odorant receptor mRNAs are transported within axons of olfactory sensory neurons that project into the olfactory bulb. Odorant receptor proteins have been identified along the distal part of these axons, which raises the possibility of their local synthesis in axons. We took advantage of the anatomical separation between the olfactory mucosa (which contains the sensory neuron cell bodies) and the bulb (which contains sensory axons but no sensory neuron cell bodies) to address this issue using a quantitative biochemical approach. Combining a method that separates polysome-associated mRNAs from untranslated mRNAs with a reverse transcription-quantitative PCR approach, we demonstrate that significant amounts of odorant receptor mRNAs are associated with polysomes in the sensory axons of the adult mouse bulb. We thus provide the first evidence for local synthesis of odorant receptor proteins in these axons. Interestingly, the rate of odorant receptor mRNA translation in axons is significantly greater during periods when the proportion of immature axons is higher (i.e., at postnatal day 4 or on regeneration after chemical lesion in adults). In contrast, the olfactory marker protein mRNA, which is restricted to mature axons, is translated at a low and constant level. Overall, we demonstrate that translation levels of odorant receptor mRNAs in axons are developmentally regulated, and positively correlated to the stage of axonal growth into the bulb. Given the established function of odorant receptors in the axonal wiring of sensory projections, we propose that this regulated axonal translation may play a role in the development and maintenance of the glomerular array.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for Developmentally Regulated Local Translation of Odorant Receptor mRNAs in the Axons of Olfactory Sensory Neurons

Dubacq¹,

Jamet²,

Trembleau³

2009

J. Neurosci.

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“…Understanding the functional roles of these molecules in the nervous system is complicated by the existence of numerous splicing variants whose specific temporal and spatial expression profiles are still poorly characterized. The present work specifically addresses this issue by analyzing the developmental expression of several NRGs and ErbBs splicing forms in the olfactory bulb and correlating expression with the invariant sequence of developmental events that lead to amature olfactory system (Bailey et al, 1999;Treloar et al, 1999;Puche and Shipley, 2001). The olfactory bulb is one of the first places in the brain to undergo astrocyte differentiation in late embryogenesis, with the bulk of olfactory astrocytes appearing to transform from radial glial cells from E18 to P8 (Puche and Shipley, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential expression of neuregulins and their receptors in the olfactory bulb layers of the developing mouse

et al. 2006

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Neuregulins (NRGs), and their cognate receptors (ErbBs), play essential roles in numerous aspects of neural development and adult synaptic plasticity. The goal of this study was to investigate the developmental expression profiles of these molecules during the olfactory bulb (OB) maturation. The OB is a highly organized structure with cell types and synaptic connections segregated into discrete anatomical layers. We employed a novel approach by combining single-layer microdissection at different development ages,with isoform-specific semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting to monitor layer-specific developmental profiles of these molecules and alternate splice variants. Layer and age specific regulation was observed for the ErbB4 splice variants JMa/JMb and NRG-1-β1/β2 forms. With the exception of the outermost (nerve) layer, ErbB4-JMb and NRG-1-β1 are expressed throughout the OB and their expressions decrease in the adult age in most layers. In contrast both ErbB4-JMa and NRG-1-β2 are highly expressed in the granule cell layer in the early postnatal OB. This early postnatal expression correlates with the dramatic change from radial glia to astrocytes and appearance of the bulk of granule cells occurring at this developmental stage.

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“…However, some investigators have proposed that the P75NTR-negative glial cells surrounding glomeruli are peripheral OECs, whereas GFAP-positive astrocytes processes in the center of the glomeruli derive from the radial glia (Raisman, 1985;Valverde and Lopez-Mascaraque, 1991;Valverde et al, 1992). On the contrary, other investigators have interpreted the absence of P75NTR from the glomerular layer as indicating absence of OECs in the glomerular layer throughout development (Treloar et al, 1999;Au et al, 2002). It was found in our present study that OECs sent long P75NTR-positive processes into the glomeruli in the development of human OB.…”

Section: The Distribution Of P75ntr-positive Oecs In Human Fetal Olfamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Immunohistochemical Characterization of Human Fetal Olfactory Bulb and Olfactory Ensheathing Cells in Culture as a Source for Clinical CNS Restoration

Liu²,

Wang³

et al. 2010

The Anatomical Record

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Clinical studies have expanded the therapeutic olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) transplantation to different human Central Nervous System (CNS) diseases. In fact, the OEC transplantation in clinic is a mixture of olfactory bulb cells; they even have not demonstrated that they have such a subpopulation yet. However, as a source of OECs transplantation, the development and identification of human fetal OECs are still need more understanding, because some surgery try to restoration CNS injury with a more purity of OEC cultures generated by a number of different procedures. In this article, twelve human fetal olfactory bulb (OB) samples were obtained from six fetuses in 20 weeks of gestation, it was studied by immunofluorescence on histological sections and cultured cells with multiple antibodies under confocal microscopy. The P75NTR positive OB-OECs (olfactory ensheathing cell from the olfactory bulb) were present in both outer olfactory nerve layers and glomerular layer. The percentage of OB cells in culture, about 22.31 was P75NTR positive, 45.77 was S100b, and 31.92 was GFAP. P75NTR and GFAP were coexpressed with S100b, respectively; however, P75NTR was not coexpressed with GFAP in human fetal OECs. It is suggested that the localization and development of human OECs in OB are different to those in rodent, and the P75NTR immunohistological staining is still necessary to identify and characterize human fetal OECs in culture before transplantation. Anat Rec, 293:359-369, 2010. V V C 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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Glomerular formation in the developing rat olfactory bulb

Cited by 123 publications

References 63 publications

Evidence for Developmentally Regulated Local Translation of Odorant Receptor mRNAs in the Axons of Olfactory Sensory Neurons

Evidence for Developmentally Regulated Local Translation of Odorant Receptor mRNAs in the Axons of Olfactory Sensory Neurons

Differential expression of neuregulins and their receptors in the olfactory bulb layers of the developing mouse

The Immunohistochemical Characterization of Human Fetal Olfactory Bulb and Olfactory Ensheathing Cells in Culture as a Source for Clinical CNS Restoration

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