Glomus tumor: Diagnosis and management

Function‐preserving therapy for jugulotympanic paragangliomas: A retrospective analysis from 2000 to 2010

“…During treatment planning, the risks of surgery have to be weighed critically in comparison with the natural growth behavior of JTPs. To date, various surgical access routes in the lateral skull base have been developed to reduce the morbidity associated with the operation 15, 18, 23–25. Jackson et al and Watkins et al report mortality rates of 0% to 4% after surgical treatment 26, 27.…”

Combined endovascular and surgical treatment of head and neck paragangliomas—A team approach

“…Embolization of paragangliomas has been an extremely useful adjunct in our treatment protocol. Although not uniformly accepted,27–31 there are major advantages in using combined endovascular embolization and subsequent surgery, assuming that certain criteria are fulfilled before performing embolization 25, 32–36. An experienced vascular radiology team must be thoroughly familiar with the complexities and possible variations in head and neck vascular anatomy.…”

Outcome of surgical treatment for carotid body paraganglioma

“…Preoperative selective embolization remains controversial. Proponents argue that embolization facilitates the surgical procedure and reduces blood loss 8,11,22 , while others found a relatively increased risk of stroke 23,24 . In a recent study of 32 CBPs, one of the six patients had a procedure-related stroke after selective embolization 25 .…”