Glucagon-like peptide 1(GLP-1) in biology and pathology

Meier, Juris J.; Nauck, Michael A.

doi:10.1002/dmrr.538

Cited by 263 publications

(213 citation statements)

References 324 publications

(482 reference statements)

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“…Glucose is not the only stimulus for insulin secretion, gastrointestinal hormones, mainly GIP and GLP-1 are known to potentiate the stimulatory effect of glucose and mediate postprandial insulin secretion (Meier andNauck, 2005, Drucker andNauck, 2006). In addition, the activity of the entero-insulin axis and HIE all have a role in modulating postprandial insulin concentration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are the glycemic and insulinemic index values of carbohydrate foods similar in healthy control, hyperinsulinemic and type 2 diabetic patients?

Lan-Pidhainy

Wolever

2011

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Background/Objectives: a criticism of glycemic index (GI) is that it does not indicate the insulin response of foods (insulinemic index, II). However, it is unknown if the GI and II values of foods are equivalent in all subjects, a necessary criterion for clinical utility. We compared GI and II values in non-diabetic subjects with fasting-serum-insulin (FSI) o40 pmol/l (healthy control) or with FSI X40 pmol/l (hyper [I]) and subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and to see whether GI and II were related to the serum-glucose concentrations, insulin sensitivity, b-cell function and hepatic insulin extraction (HIE) of the subjects. Subjects/Methods: Serum-glucose, -insulin and -C-peptide responses after 50 g available-carbohydrate portions of glucose (tested three times by each subject), sucrose, instant mashed-potato, white-bread, polished-rice and pearled-barley were measured in healthy control (n ¼ 9), hyper[I] (n ¼ 12) and T2DM (n ¼ 10) subjects. Results: Food GI values did not differ significantly among the three subject groups, whereas II values were higher in T2DM (100 ± 7) than healthy controls (78 ± 5) and hyper[I] subjects (70 ± 5) (mean ± s.e.m., P ¼ 0.05). II was inversely associated with insulin sensitivity (r ¼ À0.66, Po0.0001) and positively related to fasting-and postprandial-glucose (both r ¼ 0.68, Po0.0001) and HIE (r ¼ 0.62, P ¼ 0.0002). In contrast, GI was not related to any of the biomarkers (P40.05). Conclusion: The GI is a valid property of foods because its value is similar in healthy control, hyper [I] and T2DM subjects, and is independent of subjects' metabolic status. However, II may depend upon the glycaemic control, insulin sensitivity and HIE of the subjects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are the glycemic and insulinemic index values of carbohydrate foods similar in healthy control, hyperinsulinemic and type 2 diabetic patients?

Lan-Pidhainy

Wolever

2011

Eur J Clin Nutr

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“…Hypothetically, TCF7L2 might influence insulin secretion through regulation of the insulinotropic hormone, glucagon-like peptide-1, which is encoded by the proglucagon gene [37]. A recent report demonstrated that TCF7L2 is expressed in pancreatic beta cells [13].…”

Section: Tcf7l2 Rs7903146mentioning

confidence: 99%

A variant in the transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene is associated with an increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus

et al. 2007

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Aims/hypothesis Genetic and epidemiological studies suggest an association between gestational diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes. Both are polygenic multifactorial disorders characterised by beta cell dysfunction and insulin resistance. Our aim was to investigate whether common genetic variants that have previously been associated with type 2 diabetes or related phenotypes would also confer risk for gestational diabetes mellitus. Materials and methods In 1,881 unrelated pregnant Scandinavian women (649 women with gestational diabetes mellitus, 1,232 non-diabetic control subjects) we genotyped the transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2 rs7903146), adiponectin (ADIPOQ +276G>T), peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor, gamma 2 (PPARG Pro12Ala), PPARGcoactivator, 1 alpha (PPARGC1A Gly482Ser), forkhead box C2 (FOXC2 −512C > T) and β3-adrenergic receptor (ADRB3 Trp64Arg) polymorphisms using TaqMan allelic discrimination assay or RFLP.

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“…1 GLP-1 promotes the maintenance of beta-cell mass through stimulation of cell proliferation and neogenesis while inhibiting apoptosis, [2][3][4] and has been shown to be effective in reducing diabetes incidence in models of type-1 diabetes. 5 In addition to its effects on beta-cell survival and growth, GLP-1 acutely stimulates glucose-dependent insulin secretion and can increase insulin gene expression through several mechanisms including upregulation of the transcription factor pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1 (Pdx-1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DsAAV8-mediated expression of glucagon-like peptide-1 in pancreatic beta-cells ameliorates streptozotocin-induced diabetes

et al. 2009

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Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an incretin hormone that performs a wide array of well-characterized antidiabetic actions, including stimulation of glucose-dependent insulin secretion, upregulation of insulin gene expression and improvements in beta-cell survival. GLP-1-receptor agonists have been developed for treatment of diabetes; however, the short biological half-lives of these peptide-based therapeutics requires that frequent injections be administered to maintain sufficient circulating levels. Thus, novel methods of delivering GLP-1 remain an important avenue of active research. It has recently been demonstrated that self-complimentary, double-stranded, adeno-associated virus serotype-8 (DsAAV8) can efficiently transduce pancreatic beta-cells in vivo, resulting in long-term transgene expression. In this study, we engineered a DsAAV8 vector containing a GLP-1 transgene driven by the mouse insulin-II promoter (MIP). Biological activity of the GLP-1 produced from this transgene was assessed using a luciferase-based bioassay. DsAAV8-MIP-GLP-1 was delivered via intraperitoneal injection and beta-cell damage induced by multiple low dose streptozotocin (STZ) administration. Glucose tolerance was assessed following intraperitoneal glucose injections and beta-cell proliferation measured by PCNA expression. Expression of GLP-1 in Min6 beta-cells resulted in glucose-dependent secretion of biologically active GLP-1. Intraperitoneal delivery of DsAAV8-MIP-GLP-1 to mice led to localized GLP-1 expression in beta-cells and protection against development of diabetes induced by multiple low-dose STZ administration. This protection was associated with significant increase in beta-cell proliferation. Results from this study indicate that expression and secretion of GLP-1 from beta-cells in vivo via DsAAV8 represents a novel therapeutic strategy for treatment of diabetes.

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Glucagon-like peptide 1(GLP-1) in biology and pathology

Cited by 263 publications

References 324 publications

Are the glycemic and insulinemic index values of carbohydrate foods similar in healthy control, hyperinsulinemic and type 2 diabetic patients?

Are the glycemic and insulinemic index values of carbohydrate foods similar in healthy control, hyperinsulinemic and type 2 diabetic patients?

A variant in the transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene is associated with an increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus

DsAAV8-mediated expression of glucagon-like peptide-1 in pancreatic beta-cells ameliorates streptozotocin-induced diabetes

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