Glücksspielteilnahme und Glücksspielprobleme in Deutschland: Ergebnisse einer bundesweiten Repräsentativbefragung

Abstract

Schl ü sselw ö rter᭹ ᭤ Gl ü cksspiel ᭹ ᭤ Gl ü cksspielprobleme ᭹ ᭤ pathologisches Gl ü cksspielverhalten Fragestellung: Es werden die Ergebnisse einer repr ä sentativen Befragung zum Gl ü cksspielverhalten der in Deutschland lebenden Bev ö lkerung dargestellt. Methodik: Die Datenerhebung fand vom 17.11. bis zum 5.12.2006 statt und erfolgte mittels einer Telefon-und Onlinebefragung. Die ungewichtete Stichprobe umfasst 7.980 zuf ä llig ausgew ä hlte Personen (Telefonsample: N = 3.999; Onlinesample: N = 3.981) im Alter von 18 bis 65 Jahren. Ergebnisse: Im Laufe des zur ü ckliegenden Jahres hatten 39,2 % aller Befragten mindestens einmal an einem Gl ü cksspiel teilgenommen. Lotto spielte genau ein Drittel der Gesamtstichprobe. Es folgen Rubbellose (11,6 % ), Gl ü cksspirale (6,4 % ), Klassenlotterie und Sportwetten (jeweils 4,5 % ), Gl ü cksspiel-und Geldautomaten (3,4 % ) und Casinospiele (2,7 % ). Bezogen auf die gesamte Stichprobe sind 0,64 % von einem problematischen und 0,56 % von einem pathologischen Spielverhalten betroffen. Besonders hohe Anteile pathologischer Spieler weisen die Gruppen der Automatenspieler (8,7 % ), Pferdewetter (6,7 % ) und Casinospieler (5,2 % ) auf. Des Weiteren sind insbesondere Befragte mit multipler Gl ü cksspielteilnahme, m ä nnliche und junge Gl ü cksspieler sowie Personen, deren Angeh ö rige selbst ein Spielproblem aufweisen, ü berdurchschnittlich h ä ufi g von einem pathologischen Gl ü cksspielverhalten betroffen. Schlussfolgerungen: Pr ä vention-und Hilfema ß nahmen im Gl ü cksspielbereich sollten sich insbesondere an die oben genannten Risikogruppen richten. Der Zugang zu Gl ü cksspielen mit hohem Suchtpotenzial, insbesondere den Geld-und Gl ü cksspielautomaten, sollte erschwert werden. Abstract & Objective: This article presents the results of a nationwide representative survey on gambling in Germany. Methods: Data collection took place in November and December 2006 and was carried out via telephone or online questionnaire. 7.980 randomized selected persons (telephone sample: N = 3.999; online sample: N = 3.981) between 18 to 65 years completed the questionnaire. Problematic and pathological gambling was assessed according to DSM-IV.Results: 39 % of all respondents gambled at least once within the last year. Lotto was played by exactly one third of the sample. One out of eight respondents bought scratch cards (11.6 % ). Lower percentages were found for other lotteries such as " Gl ü cksspirale " (6.4 % ) or " Klassenlotterie " (4.5 % ), sports betting (4.5 % ), slot machines (3.4 % ) und casino games (2.7 % ). Among all respondents this survey found 0.64 % with signs of problematic gambling and another 0.56 % with pathological gambling. High proportions of pathological gamblers were found among respondents using slot machines (8.7 % ), horse races (6.7 % ) and casino games (5.2 % ). Moreover we found greater gambling problems especially for men, young adults, respondents with gambling problems within their family and for persons with multiple gambling activities. Conclusions: P...

Problem gambling worldwide: An update and systematic review of empirical research (2000–2015)

“…The first German national prevalence study was conducted by Buth and Stöver (2008) and comprised 7,980 individuals aged 18–65 years. To determine the prevalence rate of problem and pathological gambling, an instrument containing 19 items was used, and with one exception (withdrawal symptoms), two items each assessed one DSM-IV criterion of pathological gambling.…”

Differences in pathological gambling prevalence estimates: facts or artefacts?

“…The importance of assessment instruments was also highlighted in a review by Stucki and Rihs-Middel (2007). Furthermore, PG estimates from two studies conducted in Germany in 2006 (Bühringer et al, 2007;Buth and Stöver, 2008) using the same instrument but differing in various other methodological aspects were found to differ by a factor of three. While expecting a single true annual prevalence of PG, these results point to a substantial impact of survey methodology on the estimation of PrG/PG.…”

“…Mixed methods were also applied, e.g. collecting data by Internet and telephone (Buth and Stöver, 2008) or by telephone in the first and postal questionnaires in the second data collection phase (Brodbeck et al, 2009;Johansson and Götestam, 2003). Response rates varied heavily between studies (26-100%).…”

“…The reported studies applied a variety of different exclusion criteria as screening items such as (1) having ever gambled in life (Bakken et al, 2009;Cox et al, 2004;Welte et al, 2008), (2) having participated in any kind of gambling activity in the past year (Doiron and Nicki, 2001;Huang et al, 2007;Philippe and Vallerand, 2007;Wiebe and Cox, 2005), (3) having gambled a certain amount of money in the past year (Becoña Iglesias, 2004;Bühringer et al, 2007), (4) having either gambled weekly or spent a certain amount of money in the past year (Buth and Stöver, 2008) or (5) having either (a) gambled weekly, (b) ever tried to control gambling, (c) ever spent a certain amount of money, (d) did so regularly or (e) gambled regularly for a certain time period a day (Brodbeck et al, 2009). Given that a tendency to conceal the extent of gambling involvement is characteristic of PG, subjects concerned may not answer truthfully to screening questions about their gambling behaviour (Petry, 2003).…”

Prevalence of Mental Disorders and Health Service Utilization among Individuals with Turkish Migration Backgrounds in Germany: A Study Protocol for an Epidemiological Investigation

“…If the question was answered with "yes", then the participant completed the Lie/Bet questionnaire. The screening questions are based on results of epidemiological studies in Germany indicating a 99% sensitivity for the screening of gambling related problems in the general population [43] [44].…”