Glucocorticoid increases acetylcholinesterase and organization of the postsynaptic membrane in innervated cultured human muscle

Askanas, Valerie; McFerrin, Janis; Park-Matsumoto, Yong Choo; Lee, C.S.; Engel, W. King

doi:10.1016/0014-4886(92)90201-z

Cited by 24 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 48 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Dexamethasone increases the expression of surface AChRs in cultured human muscle cells exposed to MG sera, 31 and it has been shown to increase the organization of junctional postsynaptic folds. 32 Accumulation of junctional AChRs in human muscle cultures exposed to hydrocortisone has been demonstrated to be a function of both decreased degradation and increased synthesis of AChRs. 33 Changes in murine AChR channel kinetics have also been identified following corticosterone exposure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular myasthenia gravis in a senior population: Diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis

2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objectives of this study were (I) to explore the prognosis of ocular myasthenia gravis (OMG) in patients with onset at age 70 years and above (i.e. senior persons); (2) to identify predictors of secondary generalization in this age group; and 3) to address the effects of immunotherapy on this population of patients. We performed a retrospective analysis of 39 patients with myasthenia gravis who presented with only ocular signs and symptoms after age 70 years. Generalized myasthenia gravis (GMG) developed in 12 OMG patients (31%). None of the GMG patients required ventilator assistance or a feeding tube. Of the 12 ocular patients progressing to GMG, only one (8%) received immunotherapy prior to generalization. Of those OMG patients who did not progress to GMG, 52% received immunomodulatory therapy. Our senior OMG patients had a prognosis comparable with those of the published data for younger individuals. Although the presence of increased acetylceholine receptor antibody titers and occasionally abnormal repetitive nerve stimulation were useful tools to diagnose OMG, no test was predictive of later generalization. Senior onset OMG patients who received immunotherapy less frequently developed GMG than those not so treated.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular myasthenia gravis in a senior population: Diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis

2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition, the length and number of postsynaptic folds and depths of postsynaptic clefts increase after 3 weeks of hydrocortisone treatment. 24 Immunomodulation and immunosuppression appear to reduce deterioration of ocular myasthenia gravis to generalized myasthenia gravis. In one study, thymectomy was performed in 18 patients.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Generalized Disease at 2 Years in Patients With Ocular Myasthenia Gravis

Kupersmith¹,

Latkany²,

Homel³

2003

Arch Neurol

227

159

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The heterologous human-rat coculture also allows the origin of components of the synaptic cleft to be identified by using species-specific antibodies. Because of these unique features, cocultures of rat spinal cord explants with human muscle were a good experimental model for investigations of acetylcholinesterase expression in developing human muscle (Askanas et al, 1992;Grubic et al, 1995).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Differentiation of glial cells and motor neurons during the formation of neuromuscular junctions in cocultures of rat spinal cord explant and human muscle

Marš

Tang

et al. 2001

J of Comparative Neurology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Motor axons extending from embryonic rat spinal cord explants form fully mature neuromuscular junctions with cocultured human muscle. This degree of maturation is not observed in muscle innervated by dissociated motor neurons. Glial cells present in the spinal cord explants seem to be, besides remaining interneurons, the major difference between the two culture systems. In light of this observation and the well documented role of glia in neuronal development, it can be hypothesized that differentiated and long-lived neuromuscular junctions form in vitro only if their formation is accompanied by codifferentiation of neuronal and glial cells and if this codifferentiation follows the spatial and temporal pattern observed in vivo. Investigation of this hypothesis necessitates the characterization of neuronal and glial cell development in spinal cord explant-muscle cocultures. No such study has been reported, although these cocultures have been used in numerous studies of neuromuscular junction formation. The aim of this work was therefore to investigate the temporal relationship between neuromuscular junction formation and the differentiation of neuronal and glial cells during the first 3 weeks of coculture, when formation and development of the neuromuscular junction occurs in vitro. The expression of stage-specific markers of neuronal and glial differentiation in these cocultures was characterized by immunocytochemical and biochemical analyses. Differentiation of astrocytes, Schwann cells, and oligodendrocytes proceeded in concert with the differentiation of motor neurons and neuromuscular junction formation. The temporal coincidence between maturation of the neuromuscular junction and lineage progression of neurons and glial cells was similar to that observed in vivo. These findings support the hypothesis that glial cells are a major contributor to maturity of the neuromuscular junction formed in vitro in spinal cord explant-muscle cocultures.

show abstract

Glucocorticoid increases acetylcholinesterase and organization of the postsynaptic membrane in innervated cultured human muscle

Cited by 24 publications

References 48 publications

Ocular myasthenia gravis in a senior population: Diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis

Ocular myasthenia gravis in a senior population: Diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis

Development of Generalized Disease at 2 Years in Patients With Ocular Myasthenia Gravis

Differentiation of glial cells and motor neurons during the formation of neuromuscular junctions in cocultures of rat spinal cord explant and human muscle

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About