Glucocorticoid Involvement in Drug Abuse and Addiction

Mantsch, John R.; Gasser, P.

doi:10.1002/9781118921692.ch9

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 39 publications

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“…To better understand the effects of higher drug‐seeking behavior, a long‐access SA protocol was established, consisting of drug access for periods of 6 to 12 hr (Ahmed & Koob, 1998; Cocker et al., 2020). Upon longer exposure times to drugs such as cocaine, long‐access SA protocols have demonstrated a pattern of larger amounts of drug administration and a higher drug‐seeking rates (Mantsch et al, 2001, 2004; Mantsch & Gasser, 2015). Other factors, such as drug dosage and the cost of the reward, can be altered to observe how reinforcement of the drug occurs in this model.…”

Section: Animal Models Of Drug Reward and Substance Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Aerobic exercise as a promising nonpharmacological therapy for the treatment of substance use disorders

Marrero-Cristobal

Gelpi-Dominguez

Morales-Silva

et al. 2021

J of Neuroscience Research

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Substance use disorder (SUD) is a complex condition that involves the induction of molecular and physiological alterations by the use and abuse of illicit substances. The prevalence of illicit drug use has caused this disorder to grow exponentially over the past 5 years (National Institute of Drug Abuse, 2020). To date, there are several FDA-approved pharmacological treatments for substances that may cause dependency, such as heroin, morphine, alcohol, and nicotine, directed to the attenuation of drug craving, and increase time to relapse. Known as medication-assisted treatment, such FDA-approved pharmaceutical interventions can be used to increase the effectiveness of other substance abuse treatments, including the use of buprenorphine (commonly used in opioid use disorder, OUD).Buprenorphine works as a partial agonist that binds to the opioid receptors in the brain, allowing a partial activation of the receptor when it is activated with opioids, and thus reducing the rewarding effects (James & Williams, 2020). Another FDA-approved treatment for OUD is naloxone, a known opioid receptor antagonist that reduces activation and prevents other endogenous ligands to bind to that receptor (Becker & Chartoff, 2019;James & Williams, 2020). These types of pharmacological treatments are still not available for substances such as cocaine, methamphetamines, or cannabis which limit treatment options. The percentage cocaine users aged

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Section: Animal Models Of Drug Reward and Substance Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Aerobic exercise as a promising nonpharmacological therapy for the treatment of substance use disorders

Marrero-Cristobal

Gelpi-Dominguez

Morales-Silva

et al. 2021

J of Neuroscience Research

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Antidepressant‐ and Anxiolytic‐Like Effect of the Froriepia subpinnata Extract in the Rat: Neurochemical Correlates

Samandari‐Bahraseman,

Esmaeilzadeh‐Salestani,

Dogani

et al. 2024

Brain and Behavior

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BackgroundThe study aims to explore the potential antianxiety effect of Froriepia subpinnata, a native plant in northern Iran, and it is considered an antiflatulent, appetizing, antiseptic, antispasmodic, and diuretic. Despite its widespread use in diets and its reputation for calming effects, no prior research has specifically investigated its antianxiety properties.MethodsRats were subjected to a variety of stressors for 24 days. Rats were treated with the F. subpinnata extract (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, orally) for 14 days starting from the 10th day of stress. Then behavioral tests (elevated plus‐maze, open field, sucrose preference, Morris water maze, passive avoidance) were examined. Real‐time PCR was used to investigate changes in the expression of candidate genes of stress response and memory. Oxidative stress markers and corticosterone levels in serum were also measured.ResultsChronic stress reduced performance in a variety of tests of anxiety and memory, and treatment with the F. subpinnata extract dose‐dependently improved the behavioral deficits caused by chronic stress. At the dose of 200 mg/kg, the F. subpinnata extract mitigated the effect of stress on the expression of several genes, such as those encoding dopamine D1 and D2 receptors, glutamate NMDA, and AMPA receptor subunits (Grin1 and Gria1, respectively), glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors, cholecystokinin (CCK) and CCKB receptor, neuropeptide Y, and the GABAA receptor alpha2 subunit. Also, the expression of two genes, TrkB and BDNF, was significantly affected by the extract, demonstrating meaningful decreasing changes. Furthermore, treatment with the extract led to a decrease in oxidative stress and an elevation in cortisol levels in stressed animals.ConclusionIn this study, we provide the first evidence of the antistress and antianxiety effects of F. subpinnata extract, along with its potential procognitive impact on memory.

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Role of Estrogens in Addiction-Related Learning

Yousuf¹

2020

Estrogens and Memory

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Females exhibit more vulnerability to cocaine abuse compared to males. Sexually dimorphic patterns of cocaine seeking have been observed in both humans and rodents during the different stages of the addiction cycle. While cocaine pharmacokinetics play a minimal role in driving sex differences in addictive behaviors, hormonal influences may be responsible for the reinforcing properties of cocaine in females. In particular, 17β‎-estradiol (E2), enhances performance in a variety of learning paradigms and may act to enhance the formation of drug-related learning. Paradoxically, preclinical work demonstrates that the memory-enhancing effects of E2 may also aid to suppress cocaine seeking via extinction training. In addition to discussing how E2 mediates cocaine use in females, this chapter provides neurobiological mechanisms underlying E2’s influence on cocaine addiction. Finally, this chapter discusses potential strategies for novel therapeutic interventions for female cocaine addicts.

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Glucocorticoid Involvement in Drug Abuse and Addiction

Cited by 3 publications

References 39 publications

Aerobic exercise as a promising nonpharmacological therapy for the treatment of substance use disorders

Aerobic exercise as a promising nonpharmacological therapy for the treatment of substance use disorders

Antidepressant‐ and Anxiolytic‐Like Effect of the Froriepia subpinnata Extract in the Rat: Neurochemical Correlates

Role of Estrogens in Addiction-Related Learning

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