Glucocorticoid-Mediated Hypertension

Baum, Michel; Moe, Orson W.

doi:10.1681/asn.2008040410

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The significant correlation between UFF and systolic BP in controls observed in this study confirms the assumption that GCs strongly affect the BP. 2,[19][20][21] These results are in agreement with the previous observations presented by Krall et al 18 and Litchfield et al 1 They found higher amounts of UFF in hypertensives than in controls 1,18 but there was no correlation between UFF and BP. 18 The UFF/UFE ratio is considered to be the most reliable parameter in assessment of 11b-HSD2 activity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 in hypertension: comparison of phenotype and genotype analysis

et al. 2013

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11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11β-HSD2) catalyzes the inactivation of cortisol (F) to cortisone (E) in aldosterone target tissues, thereby protects mineralocorticoid receptor from F. Failure of 11β-HSD2 function is the basis of apparent mineralocorticoid excess, and its mild disturbances are suggested to lead to hypertension. The aim of the study was to analyze the 11β-HSD2 activity in hypertensives and healthy volunteers. Glucocorticoids (GCs) profile was estimated to verify whether the disorders of GCs balance may be involved in essential hypertension etiology. Exons and short introns of HSD11B2 were sequenced to evaluate existing mutations and their potential implications in the disease. The identified polymorphisms were assessed in case-control study to determine their relevance to hypertension. No significant differences in values of plasma F/E and UFF/UFE (urinary free F to free E) were observed between hypertensives and controls. The value of (THF+allo-THF)/(THE+allo-THE) (urinary tetrahydro-metabolites of F to tetrahydro-metabolites of E) in hypertensives was higher than in normotensives. Logistic regression demonstrated that the increase of one unit of (THF+allo-THF)/(THE+allo-THE) value increases the risk of hypertension over 11-fold. Genotyping indicated no hypertension related mutations in the coding region and short introns of HSD11B2.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 in hypertension: comparison of phenotype and genotype analysis

et al. 2013

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“…We hypothesised that rates of antenatal glucocorticoids may contribute to the differences in CO levels and effect on blood flow observed in the present study compared to our previous studies in a similar cohort [ 4 ]. Glucocorticoids, such as antenatally administered betamethasone can modulate blood pressure, vascular reactivity and the production and action of vasoconstrictors and vasodilators, such as the gasotransmitters [ 62 , 63 ]. In mice, administration of glucocorticoids reduces eNOS levels (through decreased transcription and increased degradation) in aorta, liver and kidney [ 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions of the Gasotransmitters Contribute to Microvascular Tone (Dys)regulation in the Preterm Neonate

et al. 2015

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Background & AimsHydrogen sulphide (H2S), nitric oxide (NO), and carbon monoxide (CO) are involved in transitional microvascular tone dysregulation in the preterm infant; however there is conflicting evidence on the interaction of these gasotransmitters, and their overall contribution to the microcirculation in newborns is not known. The aim of this study was to measure the levels of all 3 gasotransmitters, characterise their interrelationships and elucidate their combined effects on microvascular blood flow.Methods90 preterm neonates were studied at 24h postnatal age. Microvascular studies were performed by laser Doppler. Arterial COHb levels (a measure of CO) were determined through co-oximetry. NO was measured as nitrate and nitrite in urine. H2S was measured as thiosulphate by liquid chromatography. Relationships between levels of the gasotransmitters and microvascular blood flow were assessed through partial correlation controlling for the influence of gestational age. Structural equation modelling was used to examine the combination of these effects on microvascular blood flow and derive a theoretical model of their interactions.ResultsNo relationship was observed between NO and CO (p = 0.18, r = 0.18). A positive relationship between NO and H2S (p = 0.008, r = 0.28) and an inverse relationship between CO and H2S (p = 0.01, r = -0.33) exists. Structural equation modelling was used to examine the combination of these effects on microvascular blood flow. The model with the best fit is presented.ConclusionsThe relationships between NO and H2S, and CO and H2S may be of importance in the preterm newborn, particularly as NO levels in males are associated with higher H2S levels and higher microvascular blood flow and CO in females appears to convey protection against vascular dysregulation. Here we present a theoretical model of these interactions and their overall effects on microvascular flow in the preterm newborn, upon which future mechanistic studies may be based.

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“…A later study demonstrated that expression of α-subunit in cultured rat aortic myocytes was decreased after chronic exposure to glucocorticoids [86], which in part accounted for the enhanced contractile response induced by glucocorticoids. The enhanced vasoactivity by glucocorticoids could attribute to occurrence of hypertension during clinical application of glucocorticoids [87]. In addition, a 24-hour treatment of cultured VSMCs with aldosterone decreased expression of BK Ca channels [88].…”

Section: Regulation Of Bkca Channel Activity In Vsmcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Function and regulation of large conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel in vascular smooth muscle cells

Zhang

2012

Drug Discovery Today

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Large conductance Ca21-activated K1 (BKCa) channels are abundantly expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells. Activation of BKCa channels leads to hyperpolarization of cell membrane, which in turn counteracts vasoconstriction. Therefore, BKCa channels have an important role in regulation of vascular tone and blood pressure. The activity of BKCa channels is subject to modulation by various factors. Furthermore, the function of BKCa channels are altered in both physiological and pathophysiological conditions, such as pregnancy, hypertension and diabetes, which has dramatic impacts on vascular tone and hemodynamics. Consequently, compounds and genetic manipulation that alter activity and expression of the channel might be of therapeutic interest.

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Glucocorticoid-Mediated Hypertension

Cited by 21 publications

References 19 publications

11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 in hypertension: comparison of phenotype and genotype analysis

11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 in hypertension: comparison of phenotype and genotype analysis

Interactions of the Gasotransmitters Contribute to Microvascular Tone (Dys)regulation in the Preterm Neonate

Function and regulation of large conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel in vascular smooth muscle cells

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