Glucocorticoid receptor and NGFI-A gene expression are induced in the hippocampus after environmental enrichment in adult rats

Olsson, Tommy; Mohammed, Abdul K.; Donaldson, Lucy F.; Henriksson, Bengt G.; Seckl, Jonathan R.

doi:10.1016/0169-328x(94)90246-1

Cited by 97 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…To our knowledge, there are only two studies that have so far evaluated this issue and their results are inconsistent (Renner and Rosenzweig, 1986;Morley-Fletcher et al, 2003). In elucidating the attenuating effects of environmental enrichment in VPA rats, the known effects of enrichment on neurogenesis (Kemperman et al, 1997;Nilsson et al, 1999), neurotrophin gene expression (Torasdotter et al, 1996(Torasdotter et al, , 1998Young et al, 1999;Olsson et al, 1994;Ickes et al, 2000), and anatomical features (Diamond et al, 1964;Diamond, 1967;Rampon et al, 2000;Floeter and Greenough, 1979) should also be taken into account. However, it has been suggested that the most Animal model of autism T Schneider et al important single factor in stimulating brain changes in enriched rats is the enforced interaction with the physical environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experiments have shown that improvements in behavioral performances were accompanied with changes in various neurochemical and anatomical features in rat brains. These changes include, for example, thicker cortex; increased dendritic spine density, and branching in the cerebral cortex (eg Volkmar and Greenough, 1972;Diamond et al, 1964;Diamond, 1967;Greenough et al, 1973), hippocampus (Rampon et al, 2000), striatum (Comery et al, 1995), and cerebellum (Floeter and Greenough, 1979); reduced apoptosis (Young et al, 1999); increased expression of neurotrophic factors (Torasdotter et al, 1996(Torasdotter et al, , 1998Young et al, 1999;Olsson et al, 1994;Ickes et al, 2000); and enhanced neurogenesis (Kempermann et al, 1997;Nilsson et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental Enrichment Reverses Behavioral Alterations in Rats Prenatally Exposed to Valproic Acid: Issues for a Therapeutic Approach in Autism

Schneider

Turczak

Przewłocki

2005

Neuropsychopharmacol

255

155

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Environmental enrichment has been repeatedly shown to affect multiple aspects of brain function, and is known to improve cognitive, behavioral, and histopathological outcome after brain injuries. The purpose of the present experiments was to determine the effect of an enriched environment on behavioral aberrations observed in male rats exposed to valproic acid on day 12.5 of gestation (VPA rats), and proposed on the basis of etiological, anatomical, and behavioral data as an animal model of autism. Environmental enrichment reversed almost all behavioral alterations observed in the model. VPA rats after environmental enrichment (VPA-E) compared to VPA rats reared in standard conditions have higher sensitivity to pain and lower sensitivity to nonpainful stimuli; stronger acoustic prepulse inhibition; lower locomotor, repetitive/stereotypic-like activity, and enhanced exploratory activity; decreased anxiety; increased number of social behaviors; and shorter latency to social explorations. In comparison with control animals (Con), VPA-E rats exhibited increased number of pinnings in adolescence and social explorations in adulthood, and were less anxious in the elevated plus maze. Similar differences in social behavior and anxiety were observed between control rats exposed to environmental enrichment (Con-E) and control group reared in standard conditions. These results suggest that postnatal environmental manipulations can counteract the behavioral alterations in VPA rats. We propose environmental enrichment as an important tool for the treatment of autism spectrum disorders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Enrichment Reverses Behavioral Alterations in Rats Prenatally Exposed to Valproic Acid: Issues for a Therapeutic Approach in Autism

Schneider

Turczak

Przewłocki

2005

Neuropsychopharmacol

255

155

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“…42 The molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of EE have been largely studied in the context of learning, memory and neurological disorders. 43 Regarding the anxiolytic effects of EE, it has been suggested that the EE-induced increase in glucocorticoid receptors in the hippocampus 44,45 could enhance glucocorticoid sensitivity leading to an increase in the negative feedback loop from the hippocampus to the hypothalamus, suppressing the release of CRF. 46 However, one study has examined the effect of EE on CRF gene expression in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and found no significant effect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The anxiolytic effect of environmental enrichment is mediated via amygdalar CRF receptor type 1

et al. 2010

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Environmental enrichment (EE) is known to have an anxiolytic effect in several animal models; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying these behavioral changes are not understood. In this study, we have shown that the anxiolytic effect of EE is associated with alterations in the corticotropin-releasing factor receptor type 1 (CRFR1) expression levels in the limbic system. We found that the decrease in anxiety-like behavior after housing in enriched conditions was associated with very low levels of CRFR1 mRNA expression in the basolateral amygdala of C57BL/6 mice. We further showed using a lentiviral-based system of RNA interference, that knockdown of CRFR1 mRNA expression in the basolateral amygdala induces a significant decrease in anxiety levels, similar to those achieved by EE nurture. Our data strongly suggest that reduced expression of CRFR1 mRNA levels in the basolateral amygdala mediates the effect of EE on anxiety-like behavior. Molecular Psychiatry (2010) 15, 905-917;

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“…NGFI-B belongs to the orphan nuclear receptor family of transcription factors (for review, see Maruyama et al, 1998). Hippocampal NGFI-B expression is upregulated after seizure ) and downregulated by environmental enrichment (Olsson et al, 1994). Furthermore, contextual fear conditioning induces an upregulation of NGFI-B expression in the amygdala and neocortex in rats, which appears to be specific for associative learning (Malkani and Rosen, 2000).…”

Section: Sgk3 and Ngfi-b Are Upregulated During Context-shock Memory mentioning

confidence: 99%

Memory Reconsolidation Engages Only a Subset of Immediate-Early Genes Induced during Consolidation

Hertzen¹,

Giese²

2005

J. Neurosci.

172

126

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The relationship between memory consolidation and reconsolidation at the molecular level is poorly understood. Here, we identify three immediate-early genes that are differentially regulated in the mouse hippocampus after contextual fear conditioning and reactivation of the context-shock memory: serum-and glucocorticoid-induced kinase 1 (SGK1), SGK3, and nerve growth factor-inducible gene B (NGFI-B). The upregulation of SGK1 expression was not specific for the context-shock association and therefore not suitable for a comparison of contextual memory consolidation and reconsolidation. SGK3 expression was upregulated during both consolidation and reconsolidation. Analysis of SGK3 expression showed that expression changes elicited by a context-shock association during consolidation can subsequently be recapitulated during reconsolidation and that the transcriptional changes induced by retrieval depend on the remoteness of the memory. On the other hand, we found that NGFI-B is regulated during consolidation but not reconsolidation. This consolidation-specific regulation occurs in hippocampal area CA1. Our discovery of a consolidation-specific transcription indicates that reconsolidation is only a partial recapitulation of consolidation at the transcriptional level. Such partial rather than total recapitulation may have evolved as a more economic and reliable mechanism for organisms to modify memory.

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Glucocorticoid receptor and NGFI-A gene expression are induced in the hippocampus after environmental enrichment in adult rats

Cited by 97 publications

References 20 publications

Environmental Enrichment Reverses Behavioral Alterations in Rats Prenatally Exposed to Valproic Acid: Issues for a Therapeutic Approach in Autism

Environmental Enrichment Reverses Behavioral Alterations in Rats Prenatally Exposed to Valproic Acid: Issues for a Therapeutic Approach in Autism

The anxiolytic effect of environmental enrichment is mediated via amygdalar CRF receptor type 1

Memory Reconsolidation Engages Only a Subset of Immediate-Early Genes Induced during Consolidation

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