Glucocorticoids suppress vasopressin gene expression in human suprachiasmatic nucleus

Liu, Rong‐Yu; Unmehopa, Unga A.; Zhou, Jiang‐Ning; Swaab, Dick F.

doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2005.10.002

Cited by 36 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Hypercortisolism could have reinforced clock alteration, as glucocorticoids suppress gene expression of vasopressin, a main neurotransmitter in the SCN (Liu et al, 2006). Also, this sustained hypercortisolism could participate in osteoporosis, which is a major after-effect of burn injury (Pandit et al, 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Alteration of Daily Melatonin, 6-Sulfatoxymelatonin, Cortisol, and Temperature Profiles in Burn Patients: A Preliminary Report

Pina

Brun

Tissot

et al. 2010

Chronobiology International

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Melatonin, which shows a robust nycthemeral rhythm, plays the role of an endogenous synchronizer, able to stabilize and reinforce circadian rhythms and maintain their mutual phase relationships. Additionally, melatonin is a potent antioxidant and displays immunological properties. Because free radical generation, immune dysfunction, and sleep and metabolic disorders are involved in the short- and long-term pathophysiology of the burn syndrome, we undertook the study of daily urine melatonin, 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (aMT6s, the main hepatic melatonin metabolite), and cortisol variations plus temperature profiles in burn patients using a non-invasive protocol. Eight patients (6 males, 2 females) were studied on three occasions after admission to the intensive care unit (early session: days 1 to 3; intermediate session: day 10; late session: days 20 to 30). Melatonin, aMT6s, and free cortisol levels were determined in urine samples collected at 4 h intervals over a continuous 24 h span. Core temperature was recorded daily. Controls consisted of healthy subjects in the same age range. Cosinor analysis of the data provided an evaluation of mesor, amplitude, and acrophase of circadian rhythms. Also, we calculated day (D), night (N), and 24 h hormone excretions, N/D ratio for melatonin and aMT6s, and D/N ratio for cortisol. These data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test followed by multiple comparisons. Cosinor analysis did not detect a circadian rhythm in melatonin, aMT6s, or cortisol in any of the three sessions. D melatonin excretion displayed a major increase, resulting in a decreased N/D melatonin ratio, and the melatonin mesor (24 h mean) was increased in the early session, compared with controls. For aMT6s, only the early N/D ratio was decreased, and the mesor of the intermediate session increased. These results were not the consequence of hepatic and/or kidney alteration, as the patients' hepatic and renal parameters were in the normal range. The D and N melatonin/aMT6s ratios of controls and patients were similar, and the aMT6s profiles were superimposed on the melatonin ones, mainly during the day. The D, N, and 24 h cortisol values were increased in all sessions, except for the D level of the early session. The consistently increased mesors in the three sessions provided confirmation. The core temperature profiles were abnormal in all three sessions, mainly during the night, although there was a tendency toward normalization with time. The individual mesors were consistently increased compared with controls. Globally, the abnormalities we report could participate in the pathophysiology of short- and long-term alterations observed in burn syndrome, especially disturbances of sleep, metabolism, and immune function.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Alteration of Daily Melatonin, 6-Sulfatoxymelatonin, Cortisol, and Temperature Profiles in Burn Patients: A Preliminary Report

Pina

Brun

Tissot

et al. 2010

Chronobiology International

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“…Data suggest that this may not be partially due to stress-induced elevations in circulating glucocorticoids. Glucocorticoids inhibit AVP expression in the human SCN [36], as well as the rat and human PVN [37,38]. Although these studies did not examine glucocorticoid effects on AVP expression in the rat SCN, glucocorticoids inhibit AVP release both in vitro and in vivo [39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in vasoactive intestinal peptide and arginine vasopressin expression in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the rat brain following footshock stress

McGivern

2007

Neuroscience Letters

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The neuropeptides, arginine vasopressin (AVP) and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) are synthesized by neurons of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus and are important regulators of SCN function. Previous studies have demonstrated that acute exposure to stressors can disrupt circadian activity rhythms, suggesting the possibility of stress-related alterations in the expression of these neuropeptides within SCN neurons. In this study, we examined the effect of intermittent footshock stress on AVP mRNA and heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA) and VIP mRNA expression in neurons of the SCN. Young adult male Sprague/Dawley rats were subjected to 15 seconds of scrambled intermittent footshock (0.50 mA pulses, 1 pulse/second, 300 msec) every 5 minutes for 30 minutes. Animals were sacrificed 75 or 135 min after the onset of stress and brains examined for AVP mRNA and hnRNA, and VIP mRNA using in situ hybridization. Footshock stress increased AVP hnRNA levels at the 75 min timepoint whereas AVP mRNA was elevated at both the 75 and 135 min. timepoints. In contrast, footshock stress decreased the number of cells expressing VIP mRNA in the SCN without changing hybridization level per cell. These data indicate that the disruptive effect of stress on activity rhythms correlate with alterations in the expression of regulatory peptides within the SCN.

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“…Sleep disruption is associated with increased glucocorticoid production (Spath-Schwalbe et al, 1992), and numerous studies have shown that short sleep duration (Spath-Schwalbe et al, 1992) and sleep deprivation (Spath-Schwalbe et al, 1991) are associated with altered cortisol profiles and elevated evening cortisol levels (Miller et al, 2009). Glucocorticoid feedback from the adrenal cortex has suppressive effects on the amplitude of circadian rhythms within the hypothalamus and pituitary (Koyanagi et al, 2006; Liu et al, 2006). These studies demonstrate yet another pathway by which sleep disruption may have both direct effects on physiological processes and indirect effects via circadian disruption leading to increased risk for breast cancer.…”

Section: Potentially Interrelated Mechanistic Pathways Between Circadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep and circadian disruption and incident breast cancer risk: An evidence-based and theoretical review

Samuelsson

Bovbjerg

Roecklein

et al. 2018

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

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Opportunities for restorative sleep and optimal sleep-wake schedules are becoming luxuries in industrialized cultures, yet accumulating research has revealed multiple adverse health effects of disruptions in sleep and circadian rhythms, including increased risk of breast cancer. The literature on breast cancer risk has focused largely on adverse effects of night shift work and exposure to light at night (LAN), without considering potential effects of associated sleep disruptions. As it stands, studies on breast cancer risk have not considered the impact of both sleep and circadian disruption, and the possible interaction of the two through bidirectional pathways, on breast cancer risk in the population at large. We review and synthesize this literature, including: 1) studies of circadian disruption and incident breast cancer; 2) evidence for bidirectional interactions between sleep and circadian systems; 3) studies of sleep and incident breast cancer; and 4) potential mechanistic pathways by which interrelated sleep and circadian disruption may contribute to the etiology of breast cancer.

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Glucocorticoids suppress vasopressin gene expression in human suprachiasmatic nucleus

Cited by 36 publications

References 30 publications

Long-Term Alteration of Daily Melatonin, 6-Sulfatoxymelatonin, Cortisol, and Temperature Profiles in Burn Patients: A Preliminary Report

Long-Term Alteration of Daily Melatonin, 6-Sulfatoxymelatonin, Cortisol, and Temperature Profiles in Burn Patients: A Preliminary Report

Changes in vasoactive intestinal peptide and arginine vasopressin expression in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the rat brain following footshock stress

Sleep and circadian disruption and incident breast cancer risk: An evidence-based and theoretical review

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