Glucosamine Ameliorates Symptoms of High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice by Reversing Imbalanced Gut Microbiota

Abstract

Glucosamine (GlcN) is used as a supplement for arthritis and joint pain and has been proved to have effects on inflammation, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. However, there are limited studies on the regulatory mechanism of GlcN against glucose and lipid metabolism disorder. In this study, we treated high-fat diet (HFD)-induced diabetic mice with GlcN (1 mg/ml, in drinking water) for five months. The results show that GlcN significantly reduced the fasting blood glucose of HFD-fed mice and improved glucose tolerance. The feces of intestinal contents in mice were analyzed using 16s rDNA sequencing. It was indicated that GlcN reversed the imbalanced gut microbiota in HFD-fed mice. Based on the PICRUSt assay, the signaling pathways of glucolipid metabolism and biosynthesis were changed in mice with HFD feeding. By quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, it was demonstrated that GlcN not only inhibited the inflammatory responses of colon and white adipose tissues, but also improved the intestinal barrier damage of HFD-fed mice. Finally, the correlation analysis suggests the most significantly changed intestinal bacteria were positively or negatively related to the occurrence of inflammation in the colon and fat tissues of HFD-fed mice. In summary, our studies provide a theoretical basis for the potential application of GlcN to glucolipid metabolism disorder through the regulation of gut microbiota.

Huangjing (Polygonatum kingianum Coll. et Hems) and Tiandong (Asparagus cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr.) Combination relieves glycolipid metabolism disorder via both Glycolipid key Proteins and gut microbiota

“…[1]. For example, T2DM, hyperlipidemia and intestinal imbalance are typical complications of GLMD [18][19][20]. HTC water extract could signi cantly improve the abnormal blood sugar, lipid accumulation, and gut microbiome in GLMD rats.…”

The role and mechanism of tetramethylpyrazine for atherosclerosis in animal models: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Notably, not all lipid profiles would be affected in our findings, which indicated that there might be particular pathways through which TMP decreased the plasma lipid level. Most lipids are metabolized in the liver and adipose tissue [ 30 ]. The SREBP and its escort protein SCAP are involved in cholesterol biosynthesis [ 31 ].…”

Fiber-like Action of d-Fagomine on the Gut Microbiota and Body Weight of Healthy Rats

“…As relative fecal and cecal abundances of Blautia have been related to increased serum concentrations of glucose and insulin in pigs [ 30 ], low levels of this genus may be associated with beneficial effects. In support of this possibility, elevated populations of Blautia have been recorded in mice fed a high-fat diet showing impaired glucose tolerance [ 31 ]. In humans, fecal Blautia has been inversely associated with visceral fat area [ 32 ].…”