Glucose and Insulin Response of Horses Grazing Alfalfa, Perennial Cool-Season Grass, and Teff Across Seasons

DeBoer, Michelle L.; Hathaway, Marcia; Kuhle, K.J.; Weber, P.S.D.; Reiter, Amanda S; Wells, M. Scott; Martinson, Krishona L.

doi:10.1016/j.jevs.2018.04.008

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The NSC content of CRB did not exceed 10% for any rotation in either the SLUMP or LATE periods. The NSC concentrations for CRB in the current study are similar to those reported for other warm-season annual grasses evaluated in an equine grazing study in Minnesota ( Deboer et al, 2017 , 2018 ), but were slightly higher than NSC content of perennial native WSGs in Virginia ( Ghajar et al, 2021 ). The NSC concentrations of the Quick-N-Big CRB in the current study were, however, lower than those found for Red River CRB in Maryland ( Jaqueth et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

“…However, few studies have assessed warm-season annual ( Glunk et al, 2013 ; DeBoer et al, 2017 , 2018 ) or perennial ( Aiken et al, 1989 ; Webb et al, 1990 ; Ghajar et al, 2021 ) grasses as horse pasture forages. Lack of suitability due to prussic acid production and forage-related disorders associated with many warm season annuals and cold-sensitivity of traditionally cultivated perennials are limiting factors in integration of WSGs into temperate horse grazing systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Yield, nutrient composition, and horse condition in integrated crabgrass and cool-season grass rotational grazing pasture systems

Weinert-Nelson

Meyer

Williams

2021

Translational Animal Science

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Integration of warm-season grasses into traditional cool-season pastures can increase summer forage for grazing cattle. The aim of this study was to determine impacts of this practice on yield and nutrient composition of equine rotational pasture systems as well as horse body condition. Two 1.5 ha rotational systems (6-0.25 ha sections/system) were evaluated: a control system (CON) [all sections mixed cool-season grass (CSG-CON)] and an integrated system (IRS) [3 CSG sections (CSG-IRS) and 3 Quick-N-Big crabgrass [Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.] (CRB-IRS)]. Three horses per system grazed in 3 periods: EARLY (mid-May to mid-Jul), SLUMP (mid-Jul to mid-Sep), and LATE (mid-Sep to mid-Nov). Herbage mass (HM) was measured prior to each rotation and samples were collected (0800-1000 h) for nutrient analysis. Grazing days were tracked to calculate carrying capacity (CC). Horse condition measures were assessed monthly. Over the full grazing season, 9125 kg of forage was available for grazing in IRS vs. 6335 kg in CON. The CC was 390 horse d for IRS, while only 276 horse d for CON. Total HM/section did not differ during EARLY when CRB was not available (CSG-IRS: 2537 ± 605; CSG-CON: 3783 ± 856 kg/ha), but CC was greater in CSG-IRS (220 ± 37 horse d/ha) than CSG-CON (92 ± 26 horse d/ha; P = 0.03). In SLUMP, both HM and CC were greater in CRB-IRS (HM: 4758 ± 698 kg/ha; CC: 196 ± 31 horse d/ha) than CSG-IRS (HM: 1086 ± 698 kg/ha; CC: 32 ± 31 horse d/ha) or CON (HM: 970 ± 493 kg/ha; CC: 46 ± 22 horse d/ha; P < 0.02). While HM did not differ by section type in LATE (1284 ± 158 kg/ha), CC was greater in CSG-CON (84 ± 9 horse d/ha) vs CRB-IRS (32 ± 13 horse d/ha; P = 0.03) and CSG-IRS (40 ± 13 horse d/ha; P = 0.06). During SLUMP, water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC) were lower in CRB-IRS (4.46 ± 0.80%) than CSG-CON (7.92 ± 0.90%; P < 0.04), but not CSG-IRS (5.93 ± 1.04%); however, non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) did not differ (7.05 ± 0.62%). There were no differences in WSC (6.46 ± 0.54%) or NSC (7.65 ± 0.54%) by section type in LATE. Horses in IRS maintained a body condition score (BCS) of 5.78 ± 0.48, but BCS did not differ by system (CON: 6.11 ± 0.48). Thus, integrated grazing increased summer pasture yield and provided adequate nutrition to maintain horse condition, but further research is needed to improve late-season production. Integrated grazing may not, however, provide an advantage in limiting dietary NSC, as NSC remained low for all pasture sections.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield, nutrient composition, and horse condition in integrated crabgrass and cool-season grass rotational grazing pasture systems

Weinert-Nelson

Meyer

Williams

2021

Translational Animal Science

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“…Baseline GLU concentrations in the current study are similar to concentrations from horses on pasture only in Staniar et al (2007) and in other studies investigating meal feeding in stall-kept horses (75 to 98 mg/dL) (Stull and Rodiek, 1988;Williams et al, 2001;Vervuert et al, 2004). When insulin units from the current study are converted (1 to 11 mIU/L, 1 individual reached 18.7 mIU/L at the peak), they are also similar to baseline levels in stalled horses (4 to 6 mIU/L) (Staniar et al, 2007) and grazing horses (7 to 9 μIU/mL) in DeBoer et al (2018), but they are much lower than baseline concentrations (about 27 mIU/L) found in Staniar et al (2007) and peak concentrations (20 to 30 mIU/L) found in Siciliano et al (2017) or DeBoer et al (2018) (30 to 40 mIU/L spring and 50 to 60 mIU/L fall) for pasture-kept horses.…”

Section: Effect Of Time Of Daysupporting

confidence: 73%

“…There are many reasons for the variation in glucose and insulin results among studies including, but not limited to, season, climate, geographic location, grass species, horse breed, study protocols, individual variation, etc. In regards to the differences observed in glucose and insulin in our study compared to the aforementioned studies, the sampling period in Siciliano et al (2017) was unknown but assumed to be spring in North Carolina on coolseason tall fescue pastures, Staniar et al (2007) sampled in spring (May) in Northern Virginia on cool-season tall fescue pastures, while DeBoer et al (2018) sampled in summer (July) and fall (September) in Minnesota on mixed cool-season grasses. These factors will also create variation in soluble carbohydrate concentrations in the forages as was seen in these previous studies as compared to the current study.…”

Section: Effect Of Time Of Daymentioning

confidence: 98%

Effects of grazing system, season, and forage carbohydrates on glucose and insulin dynamics of the grazing horse

Williams

Kenny

Burk

2019

Journal of Animal Science

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Rotational grazing is a recommended practice for grazing livestock, but little is known about its benefits with respect to grazing horses. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of continuous (CON) and rotational (ROT) grazing on forage nutrient composition and whether those concentrations influenced circulating glucose and insulin concentrations in the grazing horse. Twelve mature Standardbred mares were paired by age and weight and randomly assigned to 1 replicate of either a 1.5 ha cool-season grass CON or ROT system for a total of 3 mares in each system. Mares on CON were allowed to graze the entire system at all times, whereas mares on ROT were given access to a 0.4 ha pasture section and stress lot where they were confined during inclement weather and slow forage growth. Blood and feces from horses and forage from each system were sampled over one 24-h period in June, August, and October. Blood was assessed for plasma glucose (GLU) and serum insulin (INS), feces for pH, and forage for nutritional composition. Data were analyzed by ANOVA with repeated measures with significance set at P < 0.05. There were no treatment differences for water and ethanol soluble carbohydrates (WSC and ESC, respectively), starch, ADF, and NDF, but CP was lower in ROT compared to CON (P = 0.04). With respect to month, WSC were highest in June compared to August and October, whereas ESC were highest in June compared to only August. Starch was lower in October than in June and August. Concentrations of ADF and NDF were lowest in October compared to June and August. Crude protein was higher in October than June and August. Plasma GLU and serum INS were affected by season and time of day but not grazing system. For all horses, GLU was highest in August (105.6 ± 1.3 mg/dL), whereas INS was highest in October (0.

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“…Contraria a argumentação de uma particularidade do animal a possibilidade de que o processo de washout de três dias pode não ter sido suficiente para evitar sobre efeito de tratamento no animal. Em contraponto experimentos nutricionais em equinos têm feito uso de diferentes tempos de washout variando de um dia até duas semanas (TANNER et al, 2014;ELZINGA et al, 2017;ZEYNER et al, 2017;DEBOER et al, 2018).…”

Section: Parâmetros Físicos -Motilidade Intestinalunclassified

>b<Avaliação clínica de uma formulação para nutrição enteral em equinos>/b<

Klug¹

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Souza e Diego. Rafael Françoso um parceiro que trouxe no seu doutorado ensinamentos. A grata oportunidade sob a regência das Professoras Doutoras Maria Claudia Araripe Sucupira e Alice Maria Melville Paiva Della Libera na atuação como representante discente cresci mais do que a formação formal oportunizaria. Aos amigos e colegas da pós-graduação em especial aqueles que compartilham oportunidades e ensinamentos,

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Glucose and Insulin Response of Horses Grazing Alfalfa, Perennial Cool-Season Grass, and Teff Across Seasons

Cited by 16 publications

References 36 publications

Yield, nutrient composition, and horse condition in integrated crabgrass and cool-season grass rotational grazing pasture systems

Yield, nutrient composition, and horse condition in integrated crabgrass and cool-season grass rotational grazing pasture systems

Effects of grazing system, season, and forage carbohydrates on glucose and insulin dynamics of the grazing horse

>b<Avaliação clínica de uma formulação para nutrição enteral em equinos>/b<

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