Glucose flux at the sediment–water interface of Toronto Harbour, Lake Ontario, with reference to pollution stress

Wood, Lindsay; Chua, K. E.

doi:10.1139/m73-069

Cited by 39 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The turnover times reported here are generally qua1 to or longer than those reported for aerobic uptake in lake or subtidal sediment slurries (Wood 1970;Hall ct al. 1972;IIarrison et al 1971;Wood and Chua 1973).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 44%

“…1972;IIarrison et al 1971;Wood and Chua 1973). In most studies samples were taken from the upper centimeter, although Wood (1970) did examine activity with depth and found longer turnover times with increasing depth. In a study of anaerobic lactate utilization, a turnover time of less than 30 min was reported for lake sediments (Cappenberg and Prins 1974).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anaerobic microbial community metabolism in Spartina alterniflora soil 1, 2

Christian

Wiebe

1978

Limnology & Oceanography

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The anaerobic uptake of [14C]glucose was used as an index of potential microbial activity in the soils of a Spartina alterniflora salt marsh. The turnover times of glucose were consistently faster in the soils where tall S. alterniflora grew along a creekbank than in the high marsh soils where S. alterniflora productivity was lower; this difference was magnified with increased depth. The distribution of label, followed through CO2, particulate, and ether‐soluble fractions indicated rapid recycling in the soil of the tall S. alterniflora marsh. In an experiment designed to assess the effects of tidal inundation on the activity of the microbial community in the tall S. alterniflora marsh soils, no consistent changes in glucose uptake or ATP concentration were evident after 2 months of restricting water movement. No direct link of tidal inundation with the microbial community was observed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 44%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anaerobic microbial community metabolism in Spartina alterniflora soil 1, 2

Christian

Wiebe

1978

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…Because the water temperature in this part of the Arctic Ocean varies by only 2-3 C" seasonally, it was postulated that nutrients may cause the change. Carney and Colwell (1976) and Wood and Chua (1973) established a positive correlation between percentage respiration and pollution levels in Baltimore Harbor and Toronto Harbor respectively. The observations may, however, have been more strictly applicable to levels of eutrophication in these harbours as Goulder e t al.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Heterotrophic activity Uptake expressed as pg glucose I-' h-'. Percent respiration calculated as respired uptake divided by total uptake ( a ) JH-glucose uptake (After Azam and Holm-Hansen, 1973) Cruise River Plume Strait T V,,, , , T=Turnover time in hours V,,,, expressed in pg glucose 1-' h-' K t + Sn expressed in pg glucose 1-' Hobbie and Crawford (1969b) Pamlico River Estuary "C 3.25-9.5 Crawford et al (1974) Pamlico River Estuary I4C 0.15-24.1 0.2-22 0.83-49.9 Vaccaro and Jannasch (1966) Woods Hole Dock 1 4~ 0.275 1.6 Seki et al (1969) Nanaimo River Estuary I4C' 0.187-156 Wood and Chua (1973) Toronto Harbour "C 0.51-10.59 12-304 20-37 1 Seki et al (1975) Tokyo Bay 14C 18 8.7 155…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attached and Free-Floating Bacteria in the Fraser River Estuary, British Columbia, Canada

Bell¹,

Albright²

1981

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The contribution of free-floating bacteria versus bacteria attached to particulate material to the microbiology of the Fraser River Estuary was assessed. Approximately 60 % of bacterial biomass and heterotrophic activity was associated with suspended particulates in the turbid Fraser River (0 Y&o S). The influence of attached bacteria decreased down the estuary as salinity increased dropping to 15-39 % of total bacterial numbers and 4 % of heterotrophic activity in the Strait of Georgia (26 Ym S). Bacteria, both attached and free-floating, were the predominant part of the microbial population in the river in terms of biomass and productivity. In the Strait of Georgia, however, bacteria constituted only 4 % of the microbial biomass and 25 % of microbial productivity. Heterotrophic activity and productivity were stimulated in the plume (15 % S) to levels higher than those found in either the strait or the river. The percentage glucose respired was always found to be lowest in the river. INTRODUCTIONnoted the importance of detritus with its attached microflora to the dynamics of several estuaries. The relative abundance of free-floating bacteria and Accordingly, we report herein upon biomasses, those attached to suspended matter in aquatic environheterotrophic activities and productivities of free-floatments is controversial. In the open ocean most invesing and attached bacteria within the estuary of the tigators have found that the majority of the planktonic Fraser River through its plume into the saline waters of bacteria are unattached and free-floating (Wiebe and the Strait of Georgia. Pomeroy, 1972;Sieburth et al., 1974;Ferguson and Rublee, 1976; Azam and Hodson, 1977).However, data from various freshwater environments vary. Rieman (1978) observed 50-93 % of glu-MATERIALS AND METHODS cose uptake activity passed through a 1.0 pm Nuclepore filter; however, these percentage values varied Samples were collected from the Fraser River Estuwith the seasons. Burnison (1975) found 82 % of the ary on 6 cruises over a period of 13 months (Table 1). bacterial biomass passed through a 1.0 pm Nuclepore Three stations only were examined during the first 5 filter in samples from the Bay of Quinte. Berman and cruises. The 'river' station was situated approximately Stiller (1977) noted 90 % of carbon uptake in the fil-40 km upstream from the river mouth and the salinity trate from a 3.0 km Nuclepore filtration of Lake Kinwas always 0 % S (Station 10, Fig. 1). Surface water neret water.(1 m) at 15 Om S was chosen as the 'plume' station. This Within estuaries the situation may be even more location varied between Stations 1 and 4 (Fig. l ) complex because of the changing physicochemical and depending on the tide and discharge volume of the biological reactions which occur as the fresh river river. The 'strait' station constituted the third and last water meets the sea water. Unfortunately literature on location lying in the Strait of Georgia midway between bacterial attachment to solid surfaces in estuaries is Vancouv...

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“…For the purposes of this discussion, the term "sediment-water interface" will indicate the top layer of sediment (<1 mm) as sampled in this and a previous study (13). Unfortunately, others (18) have used the terms sediment and sediment-water interface interchangeably. As shown in a previous study (13), the interface is quite distinct from the sediment immediately below.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial activity at the sediment-water interface in Halifax Harbor, Canada

1983

Deep Sea Research Part B. Oceanographic Literature Review

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The sediment-water interface in Halifax Harbor supports a microbial population of 6.95 x 109 cells per g (dry weight). As determined by the standard technique of suspending subsamples in filtered seawater, the uptake of added glutamic acid by this population is 113.5 ng g (dry weight)-1 h-1. An alternate technique was developed to measure the heterotrophic activity of the interface over longer periods of time, using undisturbed cores with the sediment-water interface intact. Under these conditions, the microbes in the water column and the interface increased exponentially in number, with mean doubling times of 9.6 and 4.5 days, respectively. The uptake of glutamic acid by the microbial population of the interface was determined to be 12.7 ng g (dry weight)-' h-1, almost an order of magnitude less than the uptake determined by the previous method. This indicates that substrate diffusion and competition for substrate by the microbes in the water column are important factors when considering the heterotrophic activity of the sediment microbial population. After 48 h of incubation, uptake and respiration ceased, probably due to the exhaustion of labeled substrate. Additional substrate added after 48 h of incubation was taken up at a rate similar to that measured after the first addition. It appears that the microbial population of the interface is able to respond quickly and repeatedly to relatively large nutrient additions. After 10 days of incubation, the number of "viable" cells as determined by autoradiography was much smaller than the increase in numbers as determined by direct counts. Apparently a large part of the viable population is unaffected by nutrient addition.A previous study (13) has identified the sediment-water interface of a coastal marine bay as an area of intense microbial activity. Because of this activity, the interface must be considered as an important part of the sediment-water ecosystem. Unfortunately, few studies have investigated the microbiology of the marine sedimentwater interface (1, 2, 13), and, to my knowledge, only one such study has addressed the problem directly (13). Likewise, the freshwater sedimentwater interface has also not been studied. OlMh (17) examined the sediment-water interface of shallow lakes and found generally higher viable counts at the sediment surface than in the water column or deeper in the sediment but presented no data on microbial activity.To understand the microbial processes at the sediment-water interface and to determine what factors influence these processes, the present study was initiated. Specifically, it was the purpose of this study to characterize the microbiology of the interface and to examine a method to measure the heterotrophic activity of the microbial population of the interface. Since the interface is, by definition, composed of both sediment and water components, I decided to study the interface by keeping all components of the sediment-water system intact. By using techniques that use entire core samples, I attempted to collect data th...

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Glucose flux at the sediment–water interface of Toronto Harbour, Lake Ontario, with reference to pollution stress

Cited by 39 publications

References 22 publications

Anaerobic microbial community metabolism in Spartina alterniflora soil 1, 2

Anaerobic microbial community metabolism in Spartina alterniflora soil 1, 2

Attached and Free-Floating Bacteria in the Fraser River Estuary, British Columbia, Canada

Microbial activity at the sediment-water interface in Halifax Harbor, Canada

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