We identified in the methylotrophic yeast Hansenula polymorpha (syn. Pichia angusta) a novel hexose transporter homologue gene, HXS1 (hexose sensor), involved in transcriptional regulation in response to hexoses, and a regular hexose carrier gene, HXT1 (hexose transporter). The Hxs1 protein exhibits the highest degree of primary sequence similarity to the Saccharomyces cerevisiae transporter-like glucose sensors, Snf3 and Rgt2. When heterologously overexpressed in an S. cerevisiae hexose transporter-less mutant, Hxt1, but not Hxs1, restores growth on glucose or fructose, suggesting that Hxs1 is nonfunctional as a carrier. In its native host, HXS1 is expressed at moderately low level and is required for glucose induction of the H. polymorpha functional low-affinity glucose transporter Hxt1. Similarly to other yeast sensors, one conserved amino acid substitution in the Hxs1 sequence (R203K) converts the protein into a constitutively signaling form and the C-terminal region of Hxs1 is essential for its function in hexose sensing. Hxs1 is not required for glucose repression or catabolite inactivation that involves autophagic degradation of peroxisomes. However, HXS1 deficiency leads to significantly impaired transient transcriptional repression in response to fructose, probably due to the stronger defect in transport of this hexose in the hxs1⌬ deletion strain. Our combined results suggest that in the Crabtree-negative yeast H. polymorpha, the single transporter-like sensor Hxs1 mediates signaling in the hexose induction pathway, whereas the rate of hexose uptake affects the strength of catabolite repression.As a favorite carbon substrate, glucose exerts numerous strong and well-coordinated effects on the physiological state of yeast cells. They include gene-specific regulation of transcription and mRNA stability as well as regulation at the posttranslational level: e.g., catabolite inactivation of certain glucoserepressible enzymes (3,13,19). Signaling pathways involved in different glucose effects have been studied mostly in the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A number of participating components have been identified, and some have been shown to have conserved functions in other yeast species (for review, see references 12, 36, and 41). Nevertheless, knowledge of glucose-triggered regulatory pathways for Crabtree-negative yeasts (which contrary to S. cerevisiae, are unable to produce ethanol aerobically in the presence of high external glucose concentrations) (11) that primarily rely on respiratory metabolism still remains very limited. In particular, the first stages, how glucose is sensed, and the molecular triggers involved in different pathways are the least understood aspects of these yeast species.Two nontransporting glucose carrier homologues, Snf3 and Rgt2, have been shown to function as glucose sensors in S. cerevisiae in a pathway of transcriptional induction. They differentially regulate expression of the functional hexose transporters in response to extracellular glucose concentration (32). This ...