Glucose intolerance following endurance exercise

O'Connor, AM; Johnston, C.F.; OʼGorman, Donal J.; Kirwan, JP; Buchanan, KD; Alberti, Kgmm

doi:10.1016/0167-0115(94)90101-5

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The results demonstrate an exaggerated glycemic response to oral glucose ingested in the period immediately (30 min) after exercise compared with that ingested 24 h after exercise. This finding is consistent with several similar studies in untrained (2) and moderately trained (15) middle-aged people as well as endurance-trained men (20). This greater glycemic response could be due to an effect of prior exercise to increase whole body glucose R a , decrease whole body glucose uptake, or a combination of both.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Some authors have attributed the impaired glucose tolerance after exercise to a reduced insulin response (20,21), whereas others have demonstrated no difference (2) or higher (15) insulin responses after exercise. The results of the present study also show a lower insulin response relative to the increase in plasma glucose; nevertheless, there was a greater increase in glucose R d , with no difference in glucose clearance, and a higher insulin sensitivity index when glucose was ingested after exercise.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…THE GLYCEMIC RESPONSE to ingested carbohydrate is greater in the period immediately after exercise (2,3,15,20), whereas the insulinemic response may be greater (15), not different (2), or lower (20,21). Although these results indicate a relative reduction in whole body insulin action in the period immediately after exercise, the physiological bases of this response remain unclear.…”

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confidence: 92%

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Effect of prior exercise on glucose metabolism in trained men

Rose

Howlett

King

et al. 2001

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Several studies have demonstrated that oral glucose tolerance is impaired in the immediate postexercise period. A double-tracer technique was used to examine glucose kinetics during a 2-h oral glucose (75 g) tolerance test (OGTT) 30 min after exercise (Ex, 55 min at 71 +/- 2% of peak O(2) uptake) and 24 h after exercise (Rest) in endurance-trained men. The area under the plasma glucose curve was 71% greater in Ex than in Rest (P = 0.01). The higher glucose response occurred even though whole body rate of glucose disappearance was 24% higher after exercise (P = 0.04, main effect). Whole body rate of glucose appearance was 25% higher after exercise (P = 0.03, main effect). There were no differences in total (2 h) endogenous glucose appearance (R(a)E) or the magnitude of suppression of R(a)E, although R(a)E was higher from 15 to 30 min during the OGTT in Ex. However, the cumulative appearance of oral glucose was 30% higher in Ex (P = 0.03, main effect). There were no differences in glucose clearance rate or plasma insulin responses between the two conditions. These results suggest that adaptations in splanchnic tissues by prior exercise facilitate greater glucose output from the splanchnic region after glucose ingestion, resulting in a greater glycemic response and, consequently, a greater rate of whole body glucose uptake.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 92%

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Effect of prior exercise on glucose metabolism in trained men

Rose

Howlett

King

et al. 2001

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Insulin and exercise differentially regulate PI3-kinase and glycogen synthase in human skeletal muscle

OʼGorman

Aguila

Williamson

et al. 2000

Journal of Applied Physiology

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The purpose of this study was to determine the separate and combined effects of exercise and insulin on the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase) and glycogen synthase in human skeletal muscle in vivo. Seven healthy men performed three trials in random order. The trials included 1) ingestion of 2 g/kg body wt carbohydrate in a 10% solution (CHO); 2) 75 min of semirecumbent cycling exercise at 75% of peak O(2) consumption; followed by 5 x 1-min maximal sprints (Ex); and 3) Ex, immediately followed by ingestion of the carbohydrate solution (ExCHO). Plasma glucose and insulin were increased (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 (Post-15 and Post-30) min after the trial during CHO and ExCHO, although insulin was lower for ExCHO. Hyperinsulinemia during recovery in CHO and ExCHO led to an increase (P < 0.001) in PI3-kinase activity at Post-30 compared with basal, although the increase was lower (P < 0. 004) for ExCHO. Furthermore, PI3-kinase activity was suppressed (P < 0.02) immediately after exercise (Post-0) during Ex and ExCHO. Area under the insulin response curve for all trials was positively associated with PI3-kinase activity (r = 0.66, P < 0.001). Glycogen synthase activity did not increase during CHO but was increased (P < 0.05) at Post-0 and Post-30 during Ex and ExCHO. Ingestion of the drink increased (P < 0.05) carbohydrate oxidation during CHO and ExCHO, although the increase after ExCHO was lower (P < 0.05) than CHO. Carbohydrate oxidation was directly correlated with PI3-kinase activity for all trials (r = 0.63, P < 0.001). In conclusion, under resting conditions, ingestion of a carbohydrate solution led to activation of the PI3-kinase pathway and oxidation of the carbohydrate. However, when carbohydrate was ingested after intense exercise, the PI3-kinase response was attenuated and glycogen synthase activity was augmented, thus facilitating nonoxidative metabolism or storage of the carbohydrate. Activation of glycogen synthase was independent of PI3-kinase.

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Glucose intolerance following endurance exercise

Cited by 2 publications

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Effect of prior exercise on glucose metabolism in trained men

Effect of prior exercise on glucose metabolism in trained men

Insulin and exercise differentially regulate PI3-kinase and glycogen synthase in human skeletal muscle

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