Glucose intolerance in the West African Diaspora: a skeletal muscle fibre type distribution hypothesis

Jo, Nielsen; Christensen, Dirk L.

doi:10.1111/j.1748-1716.2011.02272.x

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 111 publications

(310 reference statements)

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“…1). Previous research also indicates that non-Hispanic Black subjects have a larger percentage of type II muscle fibers compared with their non-Hispanic White counterparts, which may potentially predispose non-Hispanic Black subjects to certain cardiometabolic diseases [12]. Moderate to vigorous anaerobic training is required to enhance type II muscle fiber potential, whereas moderate to vigorous aerobic training is required to enhance type I fiber potential [8,11,29,41].…”

Section: Skeletal Muscle Fiber Type May Contribute Directly To Metabomentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Previous work from laboratories across the US [29] outlined physiological factors limiting VO 2max , which included variances in pulmonary diffusion capacity, maximum cardiac output, and oxygen carrying capacity [12,29,30,37]. Prevailing opinion is that central (heart, pulmonary circuit) factors are the primary determinants of VO 2max , although peripheral (i.e.…”

Section: Predisposition Of African Americans To Obesity and Reduced Amentioning

confidence: 98%

“…hemoglobin levels and muscle fiber type) may help to explain lower aerobic capacity in nonHispanic Black subjects [11,[24][25][26][27][28]. Additionally, imbalances in these physiological structures (reduced hemoglobin and greater percentages of type II muscle fibers) are associated with several metabolic abnormalities (hypertension, type 2 diabetes) [12] and may help to explain a portion of the health disparities seen between non-Hispanic Black and non-Hispanic White subjects [10][11][12].…”

Section: Obesity and Aerobic Capacity In African Americansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous research indicates biological parameters, including (but not limited to) oxidative capacity, capillary density, fiber type, and distribution, etc. [10,12,29], have significant relationships with hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and obesity [10]. Furthermore, various disease outcomes (type 2 diabetes, CVD) alter mechanical and biochemical pathways in skeletal muscle tissue [11], which further suggest typespecific, skeletal muscle involvement in cardiometabolic disease (Fig.…”

Section: Skeletal Muscle Fiber Type May Contribute Directly To Metabomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Type II myofibers are associated with obesity, hypertension, and diabetes in some groups, particularly non-Hispanic Black subjects [10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Black and White Race Differences in Aerobic Capacity, Muscle Fiber Type, and Their Influence on Metabolic Processes

Ceaser

Hunter

2015

Sports Med

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Obesity is a known risk factor for cardiometabolic disease. Increasing aerobic capacity (VO2max) reduces adiposity, maintains weight, and reduces the risk of developing obesity and cardiometabolic disease. Two major determinants of aerobic capacity are the metabolic properties specific to a particular muscle fiber type and the capacity of the cardiorespiratory system to deliver nutrient-rich content to the muscle. Recent research suggests that some race/ethnic groups, particularly non-Hispanic Black subjects, are predisposed to a reduced VO2max by way of muscle fiber type. Combined with insufficient physical activity, these characteristics place non-Hispanic Black subjects at an increased risk for obesity and other adverse health outcomes when compared with other race/ethnic groups. The purpose of this review was to suggest a model for explaining how skeletal muscle fiber type may contribute to reduced aerobic capacity and obesity among non-Hispanic Black subjects. Our review indicates that metabolic properties of type II skeletal muscle (e.g. reduced oxidative capacity, capillary density) are related to various cardiometabolic diseases. Based on the review, non-Hispanic Black subjects appear to have a lower maximal aerobic capacity and a greater percentage of type II skeletal muscle fibers. Combined with reduced energy expenditure and reduced hemoglobin concentration, non-Hispanic Black subjects may be inherently predisposed to a reduced maximal aerobic capacity compared with non-Hispanic White subjects, thereby increasing the risk for obesity and related metabolic diseases.

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Section: Skeletal Muscle Fiber Type May Contribute Directly To Metabomentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Predisposition Of African Americans To Obesity and Reduced Amentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Obesity and Aerobic Capacity In African Americansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Skeletal Muscle Fiber Type May Contribute Directly To Metabomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Type II myofibers are associated with obesity, hypertension, and diabetes in some groups, particularly non-Hispanic Black subjects [10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Black and White Race Differences in Aerobic Capacity, Muscle Fiber Type, and Their Influence on Metabolic Processes

Ceaser

Hunter

2015

Sports Med

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Diet-induced obesity alters skeletal muscle fiber types of male but not female mice

et al. 2014

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Skeletal muscles are highly plastic tissues capable dramatic remodeling in response to use, disuse, disease, and other factors. Growing evidence suggests that adipose tissues exert significant effects on the basic fiber‐type composition of skeletal muscles. In the current study, we investigated the long‐term effects of a high‐fat diet and subsequent obesity on the muscle fiber types in C57 BLK/6J mice. Litters of mice were randomly assigned to either a high‐fat diet or a control group at the time of weaning, and were maintained on this diet for approximately 1 year. Single fibers were harvested from the soleus and plantaris muscles, and fiber types were determined using SDS‐PAGE. The high‐fat diet mice were significantly heavier than the control mice (39.17 ± 2.7 g vs. 56.87 ± 3.4 g; P < 0.0003), but muscle masses were not different. In male mice, the high‐fat diet was associated with a significantly lower proportion of slow, type I fibers in the soleus muscle (40.4 ± 3.5% vs. 29.33 ± 2.6%; P < 0.0165). Moreover, the proportion of type I fibers in the soleus of male mice was inversely proportional to the relative fatness of the male mice (P < 0.003; r2 = 0.65), but no association was observed in female mice. In male mice, the decline in type I fibers was correlated with an increase in type I/IIA hybrid fibers, suggesting that the type I fibers were transformed primarily into these hybrids. The reported trends indicate that type I fibers are most susceptible to the effects of obesity, and that these fiber‐type changes can be sex specific.

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Associations of human skeletal muscle fiber type and insulin sensitivity, blood lipids, and vascular hemodynamics in a cohort of premenopausal women

et al. 2017

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Purpose Cardiometabolic disease remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developed nations. Consequently, identifying and understanding factors associated with underlying pathophysiological processes leading to chronic cardio metabolic conditions is critical. Metabolic health, arterial elasticity, and insulin sensitivity (SI) may impact disease risk, and may be determined in part by myofiber type. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that type I myofiber composition would be associated with high SI, greater arterial elasticity, lower blood pressure, and blood lipids; whereas, type IIx myofibers would be associated with lower SI, lower arterial elasticity, higher blood pressure, blood lipids. Methods Muscle biopsies were performed on the vastus lateralis in 16 subjects (BMI = 27.62 ± 4.71 kg/m2, age = 32.24 ± 6.37 years, 43% African American). The distribution of type I, IIa, and IIx myofibers was determined via immunohistochemistry performed on frozen cross-sections. Pearson correlation analyses were performed to assess associations between myofiber composition, SI, arterial elasticity, blood pressure, and blood lipid concentrations. Results The percentage of type I myofibers positively correlated with SI and negatively correlated with systolic blood pressure SBP, diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial pressure (MAP); whereas, the percentage of type IIx myofibers were negatively correlated with SI and large artery elasticity, and positively correlated with LDL cholesterol, SBP, and MAP. Conclusions These data demonstrate a potential link between myofiber composition and cardiometabolic health outcomes in a cohort of premenopausal women. Future research is needed to determine the precise mechanisms in which myofiber composition impacts the pathophysiology of impaired glucose and lipid metabolism, as well as vascular dysfunction.

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Glucose intolerance in the West African Diaspora: a skeletal muscle fibre type distribution hypothesis

Cited by 17 publications

References 111 publications

Black and White Race Differences in Aerobic Capacity, Muscle Fiber Type, and Their Influence on Metabolic Processes

Black and White Race Differences in Aerobic Capacity, Muscle Fiber Type, and Their Influence on Metabolic Processes

Diet-induced obesity alters skeletal muscle fiber types of male but not female mice

Associations of human skeletal muscle fiber type and insulin sensitivity, blood lipids, and vascular hemodynamics in a cohort of premenopausal women

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