Glucose-lowering effect of DLBS3233 is mediated through phosphorylation of tyrosine and upregulation of PPARγ and GLUT4 expression

Abstract

Background:DLBS3233 is a standardized extract combination containing Lagerstroemia speciosa and Cinnamomum burmannii. The effect of DLBS3233 on glucose uptake, adiponectin secretion, and insulin signaling was examined in this study.Methods:3T3 Swiss albino preadipocytes and adipocytes were used to investigate gene expression detected using the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction method. Immunoblotting assay and in vitro glucose uptake assay were also carried out in the experiment.Results:DLBS3233 was seen to increase phosphorylation at the tyrosine residue of the insulin receptor substrate. DLBS3233 was also found to enhance the expression of genes associated with increased insulin signaling and sensitivity, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase, Akt, and glucose transporter 4. In addition, glucose transporter 4 protein levels were seen to increase as a result of DLBS3233 administration. The combination of extracts also increased glucose uptake and adiponectin secretion, and decreased resistin secretion significantly relative to control cells. Moreover, DLBS3233 administered to insulin-resistant Wistar rats showed an ability to control blood sugar, insulin levels, and other lipoproteins, including high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, and total cholesterol.Conclusion:DLBS3233, as a combination of herbal extracts, holds promise in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, and possibly also in prevention of the disease.

Addressing Unmet Medical Needs in Type 2 Diabetes: A Narrative Review of Drugs under Development

“…DLBS 3233/Inlacin(Dexa Medica) is in Phase 3 development for both polycystic ovary syndrome and T2D in Indonesia. The therapy is a phytopharmaceutical comprising bioreactive plant fractions extracted from Lagerstroemia speciosa and Cinnamomum burmannii [ 30 ]. A Phase 3 trial in which all subjects were given DLBS3233 in addition to background therapy was completed in 2013.…”

<p>Gastroprotective Effect of DLBS2411 Bioactive Fraction from <em>Cinnamomum burmannii</em> Against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Damage in Rats</p>

“…The mechanism of action and molecular activities of various herbs have been investigated in vivo and in vitro in our previous studies. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] In recent years, many studies have been carried out on isolation, determination of the phytochemical profile, and characterization of the pigments of Cinnamomum burmannii. 13,14 It has been recommended for medicinal use because it displays antibacterial 15 and antioxidant activities.…”

“…16 The combination of Lagerstroemia speciosa and C. burmannii has been shown to increase glucose uptake in vitro and in vivo. 6,17 DLBS2411, a standardized extract containing C. burmannii, was previously reported to have an effect on hydrogen/potassium adenosine triphosphate (H + /K + -ATPase) activity and to downregulate the expression of the gene encoding the enzyme. DLBS2411 was also reported to possess antioxidant activity and to show gastroprotective properties on acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer.…”

The Evaluation of Proton Pump Inhibitor Bioactive Fraction DLBS2411 from Cinnamomum burmannii (Nees & T. Nees) in Animal Model of Gastric Ulceration Healing

“…In recent years, we have conducted many studies on the potential use of herbal extracts for treatment of different kinds of diseases, especially on Cinnamomum burmannii extract for diabetes treatment. Combined with Lagerstroemia speciosa, C. burmannii has been found to induce insulin sensitivity in vitro as well as in patients in clinical studies (Nailufar and Tjandrawinata, 2011;Sitepu et al, 2016;Manaf et al, 2016;Kartolo et al, 2016;Tjandrawinata et al, 2013;Tandrasasmita et al, 2011;Tandrasasmita et al, 2014;Tjandrawinata et al, 2011). DLBS2411, a bioactive fraction containing C. burmannii, has previously been proven to affect hydrogen potassium adenosine triphosphate (H + /K + ATPase) activity as well as to down-regulate the gene expression.…”