Glucosinolate biosynthesis in Eruca sativa

Katsarou, Dimitra; Omirou, Michalis; Liadaki, Kalliopi; Tsikou, Daniela; Delis, Costas; Garagounis, Constantine; Krokida, Afroditi; Zambounis, Antonis; Papadopoulou, Kalliope Κ.

doi:10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.10.024

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…These vegetables are rich in glucosinolates (GLSs), secondary, sulfurous plant constituents, which are particularly present in vacuoles of plant cells of the Brassicaceae family. The chemical GLS structure is determined by the nature of the side chain, depending on the amino acid inserted during biosynthesis [ 2 , 3 ] and GLSs typically contain a glucose unit, bound with a central carbon atom with nitrogen grouping via a thioether bridge. The carbon atom, in turn, is linked to a sulfate group and an organic aglycone residue, possessing an alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or indole group [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Variation of Glucosinolate Hydrolysis Products in Commercial White and Red Cabbages (Brassica oleracea var. capitata)

Wermter

Rohn

Hanschen

2020

Foods

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Brassica vegetables contain glucosinolates, which are well-known for their potential to form health-promoting isothiocyanates. Among those crucifers, white and red cabbage are commonly consumed vegetables, exhibiting different glucosinolate and hydrolysis profiles thereof. Regarding the health beneficial effects from these vegetables, more information, especially concerning the seasonal variation of glucosinolate profiles and the formation of their bioactive hydrolysis products in commercial cabbages, is needed. In this study, glucosinolates and glucosinolate hydrolysis product profiles in red and white cabbages from three different food retailers were monitored over six different sampling dates across the selling season in autumn. For the first time, it was shown that, while glucosinolate profiles were similar in each cabbage variety, glucosinolate hydrolysis product profiles and hydrolysis behavior varied considerably over the season. The highest total isothiocyanate concentrations were observed in conventional red (1.66 μmol/g FW) and organic white (0.93 μmol/g FW) cabbages purchased at the first sampling date in September. Here, red cabbage was with up to 1.06 μmol/g FW of 4-(methylsulfinyl)butyl isothiocyanate (sulforaphane), an excellent source for this health-promoting isothiocyanate. Cabbages purchased 11 weeks later in autumn released lower levels of isothiocyanates, but mainly nitriles and epithionitriles. The results indicate that commercial cabbages purchased in early autumn could be healthier options than those purchased later in the year.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Variation of Glucosinolate Hydrolysis Products in Commercial White and Red Cabbages (Brassica oleracea var. capitata)

Wermter

Rohn

Hanschen

2020

Foods

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“…of glucosides, mineral salts and vitamin C and is therefore considered to be an excellent stomachic stimulant (Alqasoumi et al 2009, Katsarou et al 2016. E. sativa seed oil has antioxidant and antimicrobial properties (Khoobchandani et al 2010) and serves to inhibit the proliferation of tumour growth (Azarenko et al 2014).…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of salt stress on water status, photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence of rocket

Hniličková¹,

Hnilička²,

Martinková³

et al. 2017

Plant Soil Environ.

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Salinity is one of the significant factors affecting the productivity of plants. Considerable attention is paid to the study of salt stress effects on the physiological symptoms in various types of plants (Munns and Gilliham 2015, Negrão et al. 2017). High salt concentrations decrease the osmotic potential of soil, which decreases the availability of water and disrupts the transport of water and nutrients to plant roots (Munns 2002, Tester andDavenport 2003). Salinity causes both water stress and osmotic stress in plants and the accumulated salt ions have a toxic effect on plants. Water deficit causes a leaf turgor decrease, further causing stomata closure and decreases of stomatal conductance (g s ); one of the factors limiting photosynthesis rates (Chaves et al. 2009). There is also an ion imbalance due to the excessive collection of Na + and Cl -along with decreased absorption of other ions such as K + , Ca 2+ and Mn 2+ (Flowers and Colmer 2008).Photosynthesis is the most significant physiological process and, in all its phases, is affected by stress factors. Ashraf and Harris (2013) state that the mechanism of photosynthesis involves various components, including photosynthetic pigments and photosystems, the electron transport system, and CO 2 reduction pathways. Any damage at any level caused by a stress factor may reduce the overall photosynthetic capacity of a green plant.Rocket, commonly also known as arugula, roquette and rucola (Eruca sativa (L.) Mill.), is an annual species belonging to the mustard family (Brassicaceae), traditionally grown in the Mediterranean region. Thanks to its excellent nutritional properties, it is increasingly becoming important for its content Salinity is a significant environmental factor affecting physiological processes in plants. This study monitors the effect of salt stress induced by the NaCl solution (0 -deionized water; 50, 100, 200, 300 mmol/L) in rocket (Eruca sativa (L.) Mill.) cv. Astro over the course of 50 days. Salt stress significantly affected the monitored parameters. The osmotic potential decreased with increasing NaCl concentrations, while relative water content decrease did not take place until 200 mmol/L NaCl. Compared to the control group, transpiration (E) decreased at the concentration of 50 mmol/L NaCl and stomatal conductance (g s ) and net photosynthetic rate (P n ) decreased at 100 mmol/L NaCl. Further increase of salt concentrations did not affect P n and no significant differences g s , E and substomatal concentration CO 2 were measured between the concentrations of 200 and 300 mmol/L NaCl. A decrease of F v /F m took place from the concentration of 100 mmol/L NaCl, while differences between 200 and 300 mmol/L NaCl were also not significant. The obtained results therefore prove the tolerance of the E. sativa cv. Astro to salt stress. Effects of salt stress on water status, photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence of rocket

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“…The diversified Brassica relatives stated above have been identified possessing desirable elite traits. Eruca sativa (2 n = 22) is a diploid edible plant and its medicinal properties have various promoting effects to health [ 52 ]. Moricandia arvensis (2 n = 28) is reported to be a C3-C4 intermediate species, transferring this feather of strong photosynthetic efficiency into Brassica crops have been tried by means of hybridization [ 53 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the cytoplastic genomes by resequencing: insights into the genetic diversity and the phylogeny of the agriculturally important genus Brassica

Qiao

Zhang

Huang³

et al. 2020

BMC Genomics

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Background: The genus Brassica mainly comprises three diploid and three recently derived allotetraploid species, most of which are highly important vegetable, oil or ornamental crops cultivated worldwide. Despite being extensively studied, the origination of B. napus and certain detailed interspecific relationships within Brassica genus remains undetermined and somewhere confused. In the current high-throughput sequencing era, a systemic comparative genomic study based on a large population is necessary and would be crucial to resolve these questions. Results: The chloroplast DNA and mitochondrial DNA were synchronously resequenced in a selected set of Brassica materials, which contain 72 accessions and maximally integrated the known Brassica species. The Brassica genomewide cpDNA and mtDNA variations have been identified. Detailed phylogenetic relationships inside and around Brassica genus have been delineated by the cpDNA-and mtDNA-variation derived phylogenies. Different from B. juncea and B. carinata, the natural B. napus contains three major cytoplasmic haplotypes: the cam-type which directly inherited from B. rapa, polima-type which is close to cam-type as a sister, and the mysterious but predominant nap-type. Certain sparse C-genome wild species might have primarily contributed the nap-type cytoplasm and the corresponding C subgenome to B. napus, implied by their con-clustering in both phylogenies. The strictly concurrent inheritance of mtDNA and cpDNA were dramatically disturbed in the B. napus cytoplasmic male sterile lines (e.g., mori and nsa). The genera Raphanus, Sinapis, Eruca, Moricandia show a strong parallel evolutional relationships with Brassica. Conclusions: The overall variation data and elaborated phylogenetic relationships provide further insights into genetic understanding of Brassica, which can substantially facilitate the development of novel Brassica germplasms.

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Glucosinolate biosynthesis in Eruca sativa

Cited by 19 publications

References 59 publications

Seasonal Variation of Glucosinolate Hydrolysis Products in Commercial White and Red Cabbages (Brassica oleracea var. capitata)

Seasonal Variation of Glucosinolate Hydrolysis Products in Commercial White and Red Cabbages (Brassica oleracea var. capitata)

Effects of salt stress on water status, photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence of rocket

Comparison of the cytoplastic genomes by resequencing: insights into the genetic diversity and the phylogeny of the agriculturally important genus Brassica

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