Glucosinolate Degradation Products, Isothiocyanates, Nitriles, and Thiocyanates, Induce Stomatal Closure Accompanied by Peroxidase-Mediated Reactive Oxygen Species Production inArabidopsis thaliana

Abstract

Isothiocyanates, nitriles, and thiocyanates are degradation products of glucosinolates in crucifer plants. In this study, we investigated the stomatal response to allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), 3-butenenitrile (3BN), and ethyl thiocyanate (ESCN) in Arabidopsis. AITC, 3BN, and ESCN induced stomatal closure in the wild type and the atrbohD atrbohF mutant. Stomatal closure was inhibited by catalase and salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM). The degradation products induced extracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in the rosette leaves, and intracellular ROS accumulation, NO production, and cytosolic free calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)]cyt) oscillations in guard cells, which were inhibited by SHAM. These results suggest that glucosinolate degradation products induce stomatal closure accompanied by extracellular ROS production mediated by SHAM-sensitive peroxidases, intracellular ROS accumulation, and [Ca(2+)]cyt oscillation in Arabidopsis.

Extracellular Vesicles Isolated from the Leaf Apoplast Carry Stress-Response Proteins

“…Combined, these proteins suggest that EVs may help modulate levels of ROS or contribute to ROS signaling. Glucosinolate metabolites induce extracellular ROS production (Hossain et al, 2013), so the pairing of proteins involved in the myrosinase-glucosinolate system and ROS signaling/ protection in EVs may be functionally significant.…”

Allyl isothiocyanate induces stomatal closure in Vicia faba

“…[3][4][5][6][7][8] In A. thaliana guard cells, AITC-induced ROS accumulation is mediated by salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM)-sensitive peroxidases and AITC-induced NO production is dependent on the ROS accumulation. 9) Glutathione (GSH) is the most abundant non-protein thiol compound in plants and functions as a negative regulator in abscisic acid-and methyl jasmonate-induced stomatal closure, which are accompanied by GSH depletion in A. thaliana guard cells. [10][11][12] In A. thaliana guard cells, AITC also induced GSH depletion and increasing intracellular GSH suppressed AITC-induced stomatal closure.…”

Recent advances in the signalling function of glutathione on plants

“…Moreover, supplementation of GSH monoethyl ester and N-acetyl cysteine restored GSH levels in guard cells to revoke ABA sensitivity to guard cells (Okuma et al, 2011;Jahan et al, 2008;Jahan et al, 2014, and. Different studies suggested that apoplastic ROS signals regulate the stomatal movement (Hossain et al, 2013;Khokon et al, 2011;Munemasa et al, 2013). Therefore, it is suggested that GSH signaling in the regulation of ROS production in apoplastic area during ABA-treated stomatal closure .…”